Exam 1 PPp

Question 1

2 categories of evolution
EVOLUTION:
The change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation

Answer 1

1. Macroevolution

2. Microevolution

Question 2

MICROEVOLUTION

Answer 2

Trait evolution, and is it adaptation
. Change in allele frequencies in a population over generations
. Evolutionary change below the species level

Question 3

MACROEVOLUTION

Answer 3

Evolutionary change above the species level.
eg.1. formation of a new organism through a series speciation events.
2. Impact of mass extinction
. Distribution of species over space and time
( What is the relatedness amount species over time)

Question 4

ADAPTATION

Answer 4

Inherited characteristics of an organism that enhances its survival and reproduction in a specific environment

Question 5

SPECIATION

Answer 5

An evolutionary process where one species splits into 2 or more.
.The formation of new species occurs when members of a population can no longer successfully interbreed
. A form of microevolution

Question 6

SPECIES

Answer 6

A population or a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed and produce viable , fertile offsprings, but do not with other members of other such groups.

Question 7

NATURAL SELECTION

Answer 7

A process in which individuals have certain inherited traits that allow them to survive and reproduce at higher rates that other individuals because of those traits

Question 8

The formulation of Darwins theory

Answer 8

1. struggle + heritable traits = fitness
2. Small changes over time could result in a new species
3. Explains how diversity arose from a common ancestor

Question 9

2 themes of Darwins theory

Answer 9

1 The mechanism of Modification is natural selection

2. Descent with a common ancestor

Question 10

3 things necessary for Natural selection

Answer 10

1 Variation of traits
2. These traits must be Heritable
3 Deferrential succes : Fitness