Exam 1 Pain Related Neurophysiology

Question 1

does a sprained ankle hurt the same way when you are in danger vs when danger is coming

Answer 1

no

Question 2

weapon is produced by the brain based on the perception of

Answer 2

danger

Question 3

what is wrong with Renee?

Answer 3

nocioception is not pain
pain is not an input of the brain, it is an output
the NS is not just a wire
there is no direct link between tissue damage and pain
all pain is not caused by injury
pain is both physical and mental
chronic pain does not mean tissues are not healed

Question 4

pain is 100% from the

Answer 4

brain, it is a multi system outputs,

Question 5

what is activated whenever the brain perceives a threat

Answer 5

neural signature

Question 6

what three things make up the processing for the neuropathic

Answer 6

cognition, sensory and affective

Question 7

describe ion channel expression

Answer 7

ion channels will govern neural activity, and they send messages to the brain. they are int he DRG and nodes of Ravier, and they are sensitive to lots of different things. Ion channel concentrations change based on what we need, and they can become sensitive

Question 8

retrograde firing of nerves results in

Answer 8

increased inflammation and swelling and even an immune response

Question 9

persistent firing of C fibers does what to the interneurons

Answer 9

kills them

Question 10

when C fibers pull back and A fibers grow in what happens

Answer 10

allodynia

Question 11

what happens with death of inhibitory Enrons

Answer 11

decreased gating

Question 12

what happens with up regulation of second neurons

Answer 12

increased firing to brain

Question 13

what occurs with inappropriate synapses

Answer 13

pain from the other side, smudging, and even size changes, reading pain, and mirror pains

Question 14

with decreased endogenous mechanisms…

Answer 14

allodynia and hyperalgesia

Question 15

what happens with a constant danger signal to a wet brain

Answer 15

there is a decrease in the amount of opioids our brain produces

Question 16

thinking about grandma…

Answer 16

there are areas of the brain that light up, and a neural signature

Question 17

cingulate cortex

Answer 17

concentration and focusing

Question 18

what contributes to pain

Answer 18

beliefs, knowledge, social context, anticipated consequences, cues, PT

Question 19

TF: the brain always gets signals about danger, and decides which signals it wants to inhibit or increase

Answer 19

true

Question 20

Lion walks into the room

Answer 20

sympathetic response, and we start to try to survive. That signal gets through

Question 21

with fear, pain, the lion what hormones are released

Answer 21

adrenaline and cortisol

Question 22

what does cortisol do

Answer 22

hurts tissues, tired, fatigued, memory and sleep problems, concentration problems, BP issues. Immune response

Question 23

what are the outputs in the neuromatrix

Answer 23

pain, action programs, and stress regulation