Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Assessment > Exam 1 - Pain Assesment > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Pain Assesment Flashcards

1
Q

What are the red flags during a pain assessment?

A
  • Bowel/bladder dysfunction
  • Saddle anesthesia (perineal numbness)
  • Bilateral leg weakness
  • Severe, sudden onset headache
  • Fever, weight loss, night sweats
  • Recent injury
  • History of cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What mnemonic guides the pain interview?

A

OPQRSTU
* Onset
* Provocative/Palliative
* Quality or Character
* Region/Radiation
* Severity
* Timing/Treatment
* U (You/Impact on Patient)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is associated with greater pain intensity and pain related disability?

A

Psychiatric comorbidities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why are pain interviews often confrontational?

A

Doubt and frustration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the components of the clinical pain exam?

A
  • Inspection and General Appearance
  • Mental Status
  • Vital Signs
  • Posture and Gait
  • Palpation
  • Range of Motion (active and passive)
  • Neurological Examination
  • Special Tests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is trendelenburg gait?

A

Drop of pelvis when lifting leg opposite to weak gluteaus medius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Damage to what nerve causes foot drop?

A

Common peroneal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is 5 and 0 on the motor grading scale?

A

5 = normal
0 = no contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are myotomes?

A

muscle groups innervated by specific spinal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When should an uncomplicated headache be imaged?

A
  • Neurologic exam is abnormal
  • Unable to diagnose by history and exam
  • Headache is sudden or explosive, different from prior ones, especially over 50 y/o
  • Progressively worsening
  • Brought on by exertion
  • Accompanied by fever, seizure, vomiting, a loss of coordination, vision/speech/alertness changes
  • The patient is immuno-compromised or with a known malignancy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When does acute pain become chronic pain?

A

> 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of these pain scales?

A

Verbal Rating Scale (VRS)
Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the name of this pain scale?

A

Numeric Pain Intenstiy Scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the PEG assessment?

A

3 question assesment regarding pain, enjoyment, and general activity to get a more comprehensive view of a patients pain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What screening tool is used to assess the presence of sleep apnea?

A

STOP-BANG
Snoring?
Tired?
Observed apnea?
High Blood Pressure?
BMI > 35?
Age > 50?
Neck circumference > 40 cm (16 inches)?
Gender is male?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What 2 assessment tools are used to assess and diagnose fibromyalgia

A

Widespread Pain Index (WPI)
Symptom Severity (SS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the ORT?
What do the scores indicate?

A

Opioid Risk Assessment - used to screen patients prior to opioid initiation or supplement the clinical interview
0-3: low risk
4-7: moderate risk
> 8: high risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How cna you assess the effectiveness of your pain management interventions?

A

Check the 4 + 2 A’s
- Activity
- Analgesia
- Aberrant behavior
- Adverse effects

  • Affect
  • Adjunct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the anatomical markers for neck pain?

A

Neck pain is from base of the skull to first thoracic spinous process
Pain above C4 is upper necks, pain below C4 is lower neck

18
Q

What are the joints called between the facets called?

A

Zygapophyseal joints

19
Q

What is referring and radiating pain?

A

Referring pain follows myotome (muscle) distribution and the neurological exam is normal

Radiating pain follows a dermatome (nerve) and is accompanied with neurological signs such as paresis, hyper-reflexia or hypoesthesia.

20
Q

What are some treatments to manage the symptoms of neck pain?

A

Acupuncture, stretch, heat packs
NSAIDS, muscle relaxants, and opioids typically not indicated or effective

21
Q

What 2 methods provide the best outcomes for long-term neck pain?

A

Exercise and CBT

22
Q

Where is low back pain anatomically?

A

Between the tip of the last thoracic spinous process to the tip of the sacro-coccygeal joints

23
Q

What dangerous medical conditions can be caused by an epidural hematoma?
What are the differentiating symptoms?

A

Cauda Equina Syndrome and Conus Medullaris

Know main differences

24
Q

What are the preferred tests when red flags are present with spinal pain, based upon suspected pathology?

25
Q

_ should be suspected in all patients over 50?

A

Osteopenia - causes increased risk for vertebral fracture

26
Q

What is the name of this joint?

A

Gleno-humeral joint

27
Q

What three bones make up the shoulder?

A

Scapula, clavicle, and humerus

28
Q

What stabilizes the shoulder and pectoral girdle?

A

The rotator cuff

29
Q

What tests are for rotator cuff injuries?

A
  • Apley scratch test: pain when reaching to opposite scapula
  • Neers test: pain with shoulder flexion
  • Hawkin’s test: pain with shoulder internal rotation
  • Drop arm test: pain with shoulder abduction
  • Lift off test: pain with internal rotation and push
  • O’ Brian’s test: pain with rotation and abduction

AN OLD H

30
Q

What do Speed’s and Yerguson tests detect?

A

Biceps tendonitits

31
Q

What test detects labral tear?

A

Apprehension test

32
Q

Where can hip pain be referred from?

A

Low back, thigh, buttocks, groin

33
Q

What might be happening if a patient complains that they dislocated there hip without trauma?

A

Snapping hip syndrome - ligament passing tightly over a bony prominence

34
Q

What muscle can cause hip and knee pain?

A

Rectus femoris

35
Q

What muscle extends the hip and flexes the knee?

36
Q

What could be a serious vascular condition causing hip pain?

A

Avascular necrosis
Caused by the vulnerability of blood supply at the femoral neck

37
Q

What test may detect a hip flexion contraction?

A

Thomas test

38
Q

What test may detect a hip labral injury?

A

FABER test (Flexion ABduction External Rotation)

39
Q

What are the 2 congenital hip disorders?

A

Legg-Clave-Perthes Disease (LCP)- initiated by a disruption of blood flow to the femoral head causing avascular necrosis, leads to loss of bone mass
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) - a fracture of the growth plate and is a pathology of adolescence, usually causes hip and groin pain, often can cause thigh and knee pain

40
Q

What are the three compartments of the knee?

A
  • Tibiofemoral
  • Pattellofemoral
  • Proximal tibiofibular
41
Q

What muscle is the main strong plantarflexor of the ankle and also helps flex the knee?

A

Gastrocnemius

42
Q

What is a positive moviegoer’s sign?

A

Pain in the knee after sitting with legs flexed at 90°

43
Q

What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis in the knee?

A

3/6 of the following:
Greater than 50 years of age, morning stiffness < 30 min, crepitus, bony tenderness, bony enlargement, no palpable warmth

44
Q

What alternative to stem cells can help with joint, tissue, and muscle injuries/pain?

A

PRP therapy - platelet rich plasma

Assessment (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions