Exam 1 Medications Flashcards
What is the suffix for ACE inhibitors?
PRIL
What is the ACE inhibitor Prototype?
Captopril
How does an ACE inhibitor work?
Works in the Lungs to stop the ACE+Angitensin I combination
What are the theraputic effects of ACE inhibitors?
To reduce high blood pressure, used in chronic heart failure
How are ACE inhibitors administered?
Orally
What are the contraindications of ACE inhibitors?
Hypersensitivity, late pregnancy
What are the adverse effects of ACE inhibitors?
Persistent Cough, hypotension, Angioedemia
What racial background are ACE Inhibitors not super effective
African Americans
What is the suffix for Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)?
-SARTAN
What is the prototype for ARBs?
LOSARTAN
How do ARBs work?
They actively compete for receptor sites of angiotensin II
What are the therapeutic effects of ARBS
Reduce Hypertension
How are ARBs administered?
Orally
What are contraindications for ARBs?
Hypersensitivity
What are the adverse reactions for ARBS
Hypotension
Upper respiratory infection
What is the prototype for aldosterone blockers?
eplerenone (NONE)
How do aldosterone blockers work?
they actively compete for receptor sites for aldosterone
What are the therapeutic effects of aldosterone blockers
reduce hypertension
What are some contraindications of aldosterone blockers?
High potassium
Renal Failure
and type II diabetes
What are some adverse effects of aldosterone blockers?
Hyperkalemia, diarrhea, albuminuria, gynecomastia, abnormal vaginal bleeding, and hypercholesterolemia
What is the beta-blocker suffix
-olol
What is the beta-blocker prototype
Metoprolol
How do beta-blockers work
they block the beta 1 and 2 receptor sites, decreasing cardiac contractibility, slowing the heart rate, bronchodilation, smooth muscle dilation
What are the therapeutic effects of beta-blockers?
lower High blood pressure
Angina
CHF
What are some contraindications for beta-blockers?
Bradycardia
hypersensitivity
What are some ADR for beta-blockers?
Hypotension
hypoglycemia
What is the prototype for Alpha 2 agonist?
COLODINE
How does the Alpha 2 agonist work?
they work to simulate alpha 2 receptors that inhibit the SNS
Therapeutic effect of alpha 2 agonists?
Lower blood pressure
How do you administer Alpha 2 agonist?
Transdermal patch, orally
Contraindications for alpha 2 agonist
hypersensitivity
ADR for alpha 2 agonist
Dizzy, sedation
What is the prototype for ALPHA/BETA blockers?
LABARTOL
What are the theraputic uses for ALPHA/BETA blockers
reduce HTN
How are A and B blockers administered?
Orally
Contraindications for A and B blockers?
Asthma, bradycardia, heart block
ADR for A and B blockers
Dizzy
fatigue
Calcium channel blocker prototype (CCB)
amlodipine
Therapeutic use for CCB
Agina
hypertension
How are CCB administered?
Orally
How do CCB work?
They stop Ca2+ from making it to the smooth muscle receptors, making the smooth muscle relaxed and in turn making the pressure go down
Contraindications for CCB
Cardiogenic shock
unstable angina
What do statins do?
Lowers LDL and raises HDL
Name the most common Diuretic
Thiazide
What is the diuretic prototype
Fluorsomide
Cardiac Glucosimide, Drug name
Digoxin
What does Digoxin do?
It increases cellular calcium, increasing CO and renal production
