Exam 1: Lecture 1: Introduction Flashcards
What is defined as:
- A loss of feeling or awareness caused by drugs or other substances
Anesthesia
What is defined as:
- Absence of pain or a reduction of pain, especially without causing a loss of consciousness or an altered mental state
Analgesia
What is defined as:
- A state of calmness, relaxation or sleepiness caused by drugs
Sedation
What is defined as:
- patient is relaxed, but still aware of surroundings
Tranquilization
What is defined as:
- administrating a combination of a tranquilizer and an opoid to produce a state of analgesia and altered awareness
Neuroleptanalgesia
What is defined as:
- The acitivity of drugs in the body over a period of time, including the process by which drugs are absorbed. Distribution in the body, localized to the tissue and excreted
Pharmacokinetics
What is defined as:
- The study of biochemical, physiological, and molecular effects of the drugs on the body
Pharmacodynamics
Define Anestheisa
Loss of felling or awareness caused by drugs or other substances
Define Analgesia
The absense of pain
Define Sedation
A state of calmness, relaxation or sleepiness caused by certain drugs
Define Tranquilization
Patient is relaxed, but patient is aware of surroundings
Define Neuroleptanalgesia
Combination of a tranquilizer and opoid to cause a state of analgesia
Describe Pharmacokinestics
What the body does to the drug
- dose, time, safety, etc.
Describe Pharmacodynamics
What does the drug do to the body
- HR, pain, etc.
How do you convert % solutions to units per mL
multiply the % by 10
How many mg/mL is 2% lidocaine?
20 mg/ml
How many mg/mL is 0.5% bupivacaine
5 mg/ml
How many mg/mL is 50% dextrose
500 mg/ml
How do you convert lb to kg?
divide by 2.2
- remeber if you want to go from kg to lb you multiple by 2.2
What is the weight in kg of a 10 lb cat?
4.54 kg
What is the weight in kg of a 50 lb dog?
22.72 kg
What is the weight in kg of a 500 lb horse?
227.27 kg
Define Dose
quantity of a drug to be delivered at a particular time
Define Dosage rate
Amount of drug per unit of body weight
How many mg and mL of acepromazine ( 2 mg/ml) for a 25 kg dog that you want to give a dosage rate of 0.05 mg/kg?
25 kg x 0.05 mg/kg = 1.25 mg
1.25 mg x 1 ml/2mg = 0.625 mL
answer is 0.63 mL
How many mg and ml of a 1% propofol for a 25 kg dog that you want to give a dosage rate of 4.0 mg/kg
25 kg x 4 mg/kg = 100 mg
100 mg x 1 ml/ 10 mg = 10 mL
answer is 10 mL
You would like to give a 5 kg cat a 5 microgram/kg dosage of dexmedtomidine (0.5 mg/ml). How many mg and mL would you dose this patient?
5 kg x 5 mcg/kg = 25 mcg = 0.025mg
0.025 mg x 1 mL/0.5 mg = 0.05 mL
How many drops/second will a 20 kg patient receive if a fluid rate of 10 ml/kg/hr is desired and a 20 drops/mL IV drip set is selected?
20 kg x 10 ml/kg/hr x 1 hr/60min x 1 min/60sec = 0.0555 mL / sec x 20 drops /mL = around 1 drop per second
How many drops/second will a 4 kg patient receive is a fluid rate of 5 ml/kg/hr is desired and a 60 drops/ml IV drip is selected
4 kg x 5mL/ kg/hr x 1 hr/ 60 min x 1 min/60sec x 60drops/mL
answer is 0.33 drops per second or 1 drop per 3 seconds
How do you convert mg to mcg
multiple by 1000
1mg =1000 mcg
