Exam 1: HTN

Question 1

BP =

Answer 1

CO x peripheral resistance (how tight your vessels are; how much tone they have)

Question 2

CO =

Answer 2

HR x SV (SV is determine by preload, afterload, contractility)

Question 3

HTN is generally _______

Answer 3

asymtompatic

Question 4

Normal BP

Answer 4

Systolic: less than 120
AND
Diastolic: less than 80

Question 5

Pre HTN

Answer 5

Systolic: 120 to 139
OR
Diastolic: 80-89

Question 6

HTN stage 1

Answer 6

Systolic: 140-159
OR
Diastolic: 90-99

Question 7

HTN Stage 2

Answer 7

Systolic: 160 or higher
OR
diastolic higher than 100

Question 8

HTN crisis

Answer 8

Systolic: higher than 180
OR
Diastolic: higher than 110

Question 9

Hypertension: A systolic blood pressure greater than 140mmHg and/or a diastolic pressure greater than 90mmHg based on the average of _____ or more accurate blood pressure readings taken during two or more contacts with health care providers

Answer 9

2 or more

2x2 rule

Question 10

Desired blood pressure
■ For people over 60:
■ For people younger than 60:

Answer 10

Below 150/90

Below 140/90

Question 11

Primary vs Secondary HTN

Answer 11

Primary: 90% of all cases–> no known cause

Secondary: consequence of another disease or condition

Question 12

T/F Patient should avoid caffeine, smoking and exercise 30 mins prior to readings

Answer 12

True

Question 13

HTN risk factors: age

Answer 13

older than 55 for men and older than 65 for women

Question 14

HTN risk factors: obesity

Answer 14

BMI over 30

Question 15

HTN risk factors: Microalbuminuria or GFR rate less than

Answer 15

60

Question 16

Advanced HTN clinical manifestations

Answer 16

headache, early morning
blurred vision
spontaneous nose bleed
depression

Question 17

HTN medication management goal

Answer 17

reduce BP and prevent cardiovascular and renal complications

Question 18

HTN intitial treatment

Answer 18

Diuretic, ACEi, ARN, CCB or combo

Question 19

-pril

Answer 19

ACEi

Question 20

-sartan

Answer 20

angiotensin ll

Question 21

diltiazem, verapamil, amlodipine

Answer 21

ca channel blocker

Question 22

-lol

Answer 22

beta blockers

Question 23

HTN drug therapy: diuretics

Answer 23

decrease circulating fluid volume

Question 24

HTN drug therapy: adrenergic (SNS) antagonist

Answer 24

cause vasodilation

Question 25

HTN drug therapy: direct vasodilator

Answer 25

activate dopamine receptors and cause vasodilation

Question 26

HTN drug therapy: B blocker

Answer 26

decrease vasoconstriction by blocking beta receptos

Question 27

HTN drug therapy: ACE inh

Answer 27

inhibit ACE to prevent algiotensin l to angiotensin ll

Question 28

HTN drug therapy: ARB’s

Answer 28

prevent angiotensin ll

Question 29

HTN drug therapy: Ca channel blocker

Answer 29

cause vasodilation by inhibitng ca from crossing cell membrane and decreasing HR

Question 30

What is a common diet for HTN

Answer 30

DASH–> reduce sodium to no more than 100 mmole/day

Question 31

HTN ocular

Answer 31

fundoscopic exam

Question 32

HTN pertinent nursing diagnosis

Answer 32

ineffective health maintenance

risk for ineffective therapeutic regimen management

knowledge deficit

Question 33

Nursing interventions for the patient with HTN focus on teaching the patient and family about the disease and

Answer 33

it’s associated risk factors, lifestyle changes, and the importance of adherence of the treatment regimen