Exam 1: Cardiac

Question 1

Each small square represents _______ second, a larger square is _____ seconds

Answer 1

0.04

0.2

Question 2

P wave

Answer 2

atrial depolarization or atrial contraction

Question 3

P-R interval:

Answer 3

atrio-ventricular conduction time

Question 4

What should the P-R interval normally be

Answer 4

0.12 to 0.20 seconds

Question 5

What is a change in PR interval associated with

Answer 5

1st degree block
dig toxicity

Question 6

QRS complex is associated with

Answer 6

ventricular depolarization

Question 7

What is the normal time of a QRS

Answer 7

0.06 to 0.12 seconds

Question 8

Sinus brady: etiology

Answer 8

respiratory problems

Question 9

Sinus brady: management

Answer 9

atropine (medication) and/or pacing (external transcutaneous pacing)

Question 10

Sinus brady: ______ will determine the management treatment

Answer 10

BP

If good, we may not have to treat it

If it’s not good, we may need to give medication or pacing

Question 11

Sinus Tachy: etiology

Answer 11

drugs, anemia (due to low blood volume so HR increase to keep CO consistent), ceffeine intake, thyroid

Question 12

Sinus Tachy: management

Answer 12

treating underlying cause, digioxin, beta blockers

Question 13

SVT criteria

Rate
Rhythm
PR
QRS

Answer 13

Rate: 100 bpm-280 bpm

Rhythm: regular sinus

PR: P not visible, buried in preceding t wave

QRS: less than 0.12 seconds

Question 14

A fib criteria

Rate
Rhythm
PR
QRS

Answer 14

Rate: over 100

Rhythm: irregular

P wave: can’t be found

P-R interval: can’t be determined

QRS complexes: less than .12

Question 15

A flutter criteria

Rate
Rhythm
PR
QRS

Answer 15

Rate: over 100 bpm

Rhythm: regular

P wave: flutter

P-R can’t be determined

QRS: less than 0.12

Question 16

Pericarditis: causes

Answer 16

infection, post MI, uremia, cardiac surgery, medications

Question 17

Pericarditis: Clinical manifestations

Answer 17

friction produces pericardial rub, chest pain worsens with deep breathing

Question 18

Pericarditis: you will see that due to inflammation fo the heart, we will see ______________ on a 12 lead EKG

Answer 18

ST elevation

Question 19

Infective endocarditis: When will it develop

Answer 19

rapidly or gradual

Question 20

Infective endocarditis: turbulent blood flow promotes

Answer 20

vegetative growth

Question 21

Infective endocarditis: clinical manifestations

Answer 21

fever, heart murmur, H/A, arthritis, splinter hemorrhage, janeway nodes, osler’s nodes

Question 22

Infective endocarditis: diagnostics

Answer 22

blood culture, echocardiography

Question 23

Infective endocarditis: ____, ____, and _____ is associated with this until proven otherwise

Answer 23

Fever, pneu, murmur

Question 24

Myocarditis: T/F infectious, non infectious, or autoimmune

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Myocarditis: clinical manifestations

Answer 25

flu symptoms, fever, chest pain, heart failure, dysrhythmia

Question 26

Myocarditis: diagnosis

Answer 26

echo, biopsy