Exam 1: Fluid replacement therapy

Question 1

Cystalloids include

Answer 1

isotonic
hypotonic
hypertonic

Question 2

Is there movment in isotonic solutions

Answer 2

no, same concentration as plasma

Question 3

E.g. of isotonic solutions

Answer 3

D5W, normal saline (0.9), Lactated ringers

Question 4

What is a complication of isotonic solution

Answer 4

circulatory overload

Question 5

What is a contraindication of isotonic solution

Answer 5

circulatory overload, ringers lactate in alkalosis and liver failure

Question 6

Hypotonic solutions e.g.

Answer 6

0.45 saline, 2.5 dextrose, 33% saline

Question 7

Is there movement with hypotonic solutions

Answer 7

less concentration out of the cell than inside the cells, it’s to help decrease intravascular osmolarity

Question 8

What are hypotonic solutions used for

Answer 8

dehydration

Question 9

Complications of hypotonic solutions

Answer 9

shock, increased ICP

Question 10

Contraindications of hypotonic solutions

Answer 10

anasarca, cerebral edema, hypotension

Question 11

Hypertonic solutions e.g.

Answer 11

D5 and 1/2 NS, D5NS, D5RL, 0.33% saline

Question 12

What do hypertonic solutions do

Answer 12

increase intravascular osmolality

Question 13

What are hypertonic solutions used for

Answer 13

intravascular expansion

Question 14

complications of hypertonic solutions

Answer 14

circulatory overload

Question 15

What are contraindications of hypertonic solutions

Answer 15

HF, DKA

Question 16

What are colloids

Answer 16

blood and blood products, increases colloid oncotic pressure, restores circulating volume

Question 17

What do increaed colloids to

Answer 17

pull interstitial water into intravascular space