Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CFT II > Exam 1 - House Soiling > Flashcards

Exam 1 - House Soiling Flashcards

1
Q

why is it important to ask the owner which pet is actually doing the house soiling?

A

need to identify which animal has the problem (treating the wrong animal won’t help)

can be used to differentiate spraying from urination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a trick that can be used for identifying which pet has periuria?

A

6 small tips of fluorescein strips inside of gelatin capsules - pee will glow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a trick that can be used to identify the animal that has perichezia?

A

shave a kids’ safe crayon into gelatin capsules or 1/8 teaspoon of kid-safe glitter into a gelatin capsule or tiny pieces of cut up colored rubberbands into a gelatin capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why is it important to ask when the house soiling started?

A

it is a predictor of how long it will take to correct & may help in suggesting related events to the start of the problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what information is needed from the owner regarding the patient’s early history?

A

information about house training techniques used, information about earlier litter box use, & if surrendered to a shelter prior to adoption, why the animal was surrendered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are some examples of predictable times when house soiling may occur?

A

holidays/summer school breaks

certain days of the week or certain times of day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are some examples of random times when you may see house soiling?

A

random house guests

bad weather

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why is it important to ask the owner where the animal is house soiling? what are some examples of this?

A

the location often tells us why - have the owner make a drawing of the house & show you the locations

quiet area of the house (no one uses the dining room, so the animal eliminates in there)

in front of the owner

specific object or person - careful with interpretation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are some social factors that should be considered for an animal that is house soiling?

A

number of cats & dogs in the house

how well the animals in the house get along

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are some clues for OA in dogs & cats that may lead to house soiling?

A

dogs - more problems towards the end of the day

cats - difficulty jumping over a gate or onto a counter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are some examples of medical issues that can lead to house soiling?

A

painful urination or defecation - especially cats because they will blame the pain on the location

idiopathic cystitis, hard/dry feces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: with animals that are house soiling, there is no point in repeating things that didn’t work as long as they were done correctly the first time

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are some important factors to consider about litter boxes for cats that are house soiling?

A

does one cat tend to guard access

number of litter boxes

location of litter box - accessibility is important & needs to be in a quiet location

type & size - open or covered (odors build up faster in closed boxes)

type of litter used & if there was a recent change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the minimum number of litter boxes required for cats?

A

at least 1 litter box per cat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the number one problem that causes house soiling in cats?

A

dirty litter box!!!!!!

look at how often it is scooped & how often it is dumped!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are some other factors of litter box issues that should be considered for cats that are house soiling?

A

is the owner catching the cat at the litter box to medicate it

declawed cats

cat that perches on the edge of the box or keeps front feet out

earth rakes <4 seconds

persian breeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the 2 subtypes of submissive urination? what animals is it seen in?

A

excessive shyness & frightening situations

dogs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the 4 subtypes of inappropriate elimination? what animals is it seen in?

A

medical causes - both dogs & cats

location aversion/preference - both dogs & cats

litter aversion/preferences - cats

accessibility issues - both dogs & cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the subtypes of marking? what animals is it seen in?

A

informational - dogs

sexually dimorphic behavior - both dogs & cats

reactional - both dogs & cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the 3 diagnostic options for house soiling?

A
  1. submissive urination - only seen in dogs
  2. inappropriate elimination - both dogs & cats
  3. reactional - both dogs & cats
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what dogs do we commonly see submissive urination from excessive shyness in?

A

common in puppies - usually will grow out of it

common in small breeds

common in females

22
Q

when do we see dogs exhibit submissive urination due to a frightening situation?

A

dogs with poor socialization & very large/rough human interaction

23
Q

what is submissive urination caused by excessive shyness?

A

urination when ANYONE approaches the dog whether excited or not

24
Q

T/F: puppies commonly exhibit submissive urination due to excessive shyness but usually outgrow this behavior

A

true

25
Q

what are some examples of minimizing excitement for treating a dog with submissive urination?

A

ignore the dog until it settles down

start something else & then quietly interact

26
Q

what are some examples of minimizing differences in rank for treating a dog with submissive urination?

A

squat down, use a side view, avoid direct eye contact, use a higher pitch/softer voice, & encourage the dog to come with treats but don’t reach out for the dog

27
Q

what are some examples of changing the context of a situation for treating a dog with submissive urination?

A

if the dog urinates with verbal discipline - minimize the difference in rank, give a different command, & reward accepted behavior

distract the dog with something exciting

ignore the problem but plan ahead - block access to the object & create a substitute location nearby (soft & heavy with the owner’s scent)

28
Q

what drug is used to treat submissive urination in dogs? how does it work?

A

phenylpropanolamine - tightens bladder sphincter

29
Q

what are some examples of medical problems causing inappropriate elimination? how do you approach treating these animals?

A

urinary issues - idiopathic cystitis & UTIs

musculoskeletal problems - OA

gi problems - intestinal parasites, pancreatic problems, & megacolon

need to treat medical conditions first!!!

30
Q

what are some examples of treating location aversion/preference in an animal with inappropriate elimination?

A

make the location user friendly - avoid fears/anxieties/unpleasant experiences

go back to house training 101 - animal may not have had a good start

dogs specifically - confine animal when unable to watch them, tighten up their schedule, & use lots of rewards

cats specifically - confine in a small area with the litter box & put an emphasis on cleaning the litter box

31
Q

what are some examples of treating learned preference in an animal with inappropriate elimination?

A

puppies learn surface preference & cats develop preferences for quiet, close, & clean locations

make the soiled area less attractive - cover with plastic, upside down carpet runner, or put the litter box on a protected surface

change odors - citronella/potpourri

put food bowls on the spots

32
Q

once a cat is consistently using the litter box, how much can you move it a day to a better location?

A

only 1 inch!!!

33
Q

what are some examples of treating litter aversion/preference in a cat with inappropriate elimination?

A

provide additional litters in adjacent boxes which lets the cat determine its preference

34
Q

what are some examples of treating accessibility issues in an animal with inappropriate elimination?

A

make sure doors aren’t shut

have owner pay attention to their animal

35
Q

what are some examples of accessibility problems leading to animals house soiling?

A

door accidentally is closed

owner isn’t home - dog recently ate, owner thought it had eliminated, or young puppy

owner ignores the dog - dog drinks a lot of water when the owner gets home & then they have a sudden urge to urinate in 30 minutes

36
Q

what differences are seen between dogs & cats when comparing marking behavior?

A

dogs - mark with either urine or feces

cats - usually mark with urine

37
Q

what is informational marking? what companion animals exhibit this behavior?

A

leaves a business card of information for other dogs - think dogs peeing on fire hydrants

only dogs

38
Q

what are some examples of testosterone behaviors seen in marking behaviors?

A

urine marking, mating, roaming, & intermale aggression

39
Q

what is sexually dimorphic behavior in regards to a subtype of marking behavior?

A

behavior exhibited by intact male dogs/cats excited by estrus females

estrus females trying to attract mates

40
Q

what are some examples of estrogen behaviors seen in marking behaviors?

A

urine marking & estrus signs

41
Q

what are some examples of progesterone behaviors seen in marking behaviors?

A

calm of pregnancy & protection of neonates

42
Q

T/F: neutering reduces the likelihood of sexual marking in companion animals

A

true

cat castration reduces male behaviors by 90%

dog castration reduces male behaviors by 50%

cat OHE reduces female marking by 95%

dog OHE eliminates most female marking

43
Q

cat castration reduces male behaviors by __%

dog castration reduces male behaviors by __%

cat OHE reduces female marking by ___%

dog OHE __________ _______ ________ ________

A

cat castration reduces male behaviors by 90%

dog castration reduces male behaviors by 50%

cat OHE reduces female marking by 95%

eliminates most female marking

44
Q

what is the likelihood of spraying to occur in a home with cats?

A

25% with 1 cat

100% with 10 or more cats

45
Q

when does reactional marking behavior increase?

A

increases in incidence with increased anxiety or stress

invasion of territory - either real or perceived

46
Q

how is reactional marking behavior treated using management practices? what calming products can be used?

A

management - block access to the area, desensitize animal to household changes or minimize house hold changes, & tighten up the animal’s schedule

calming products - pheromone products, dietary supplements, & thundershirts

47
Q

why is drug therapy alone not effective in reactional marking behavior?

A

drug therapy alone will be overpowered by stress of the animal

48
Q

what are some drugs used short term for reactional marking behavior? what about drugs used long term?

A

short term - benzodiazepines, trazadone, sileo, clonidine, & gabapentin

long term - TCAs, SSRIs

49
Q

T/F: the likelihood of the occurrence of reactional marking behavior in a home with 1 cat is 25% & is 100% in a home with 10+ cats

A

true

50
Q

a cat may exhibit _________ marking behavior if they perceive an invasion of their territory

A

reactional - example of seeing another cat out of a window

CFT II (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions