exam 1: drug administration (TH) Flashcards
tab and cap
most common
liquids
elixir, emulsions, suspensions
transdermal
patch on skin
topical
patching or spreading med on skin
instillation
drops, sprays, ointments
ID
measurement and delivery
local effect for skin testing
25-27G
1/4 to 1/2 long
1 mL syringe
deliver at 10-15 degree
Subq
systemic and sustained effect absorbed mainly through capillaries
0.5 to 1 mL solution
25-27G
3/8 to 5/8 long
1-3mL syringe
IM
systemic effect for solutions more viscous and irritating
18-25 G
5/8 to 1 1/2 in
1-3 mL
preferred sites for IM
ventrogluteal: 18-25G, 1 1/2 in needle
for most injections
deltoid: 0.5-1mL dose, 23-25G, 5/8 to 1 1/2 in needle
small med volumes, not for small children/infants
vastus lateralis: 0.5-max 1mL (peds) and 1-1.5 max 2mL (adults)
use for infants
90 angle for all
IV
systemic effect, inject slowly
infants: 24G 1in
children: 22G 1in
adults: 20-21G ,1- 1/2 in
techniques for subq
gasp or gently pinch the area of pt loose fatty tissue w nondominant hand, do not aspirate, apply gentle pressure to injection site to prevent bleeding or oozing into tissue, bandage if needed
techniques for ID
inject slowly watch for wheal, small volume amount, do not massage skin, assess for allergic reaction in 24-72 hours, measure diameter of reaction (tb test for indurated area), don’t bandage
techniques for IM
same as subq but flatten skin area (z-track)
explain Z track
To minimize local skin irritation, ventrogluteal site preferred.
Use aseptic technique, draw meds, pull skin to one size and hold, insert needle, holding skin to side and inject needle and med, wait for 10 secs then withdraw needle and release skin (at the same time)
techniques for IV
cleanse area with aseptic technique, insert catheter until blood return, stable needle/IV catheter and apply dressing site, monitor flow rate, distal pulses, skin color and temp, and insertion site
