EXAM 1: Cultural Competency And Health Disparities Flashcards
What is culture?
“The body of learned beliefs, traditions, principles, and guides for behavior that are commonly shared among members of a particular group. Culture serves as a roadmap for both perceiving and interacting with the world.”
Why does culture matter?
Our culture shapes how we view other people and interact with them.
We develop cultural characteristics, including health beliefs, through life experiences and education.
Our cultural background shapes how we eat, exercise and take care of our health
Lack of knowledge or sensitivity to culture can….
Prevent us from understanding other peoples actions and reactions
Limit one’s ability to provide quality education/healthcare
While cultural ___________ might be considered the
intention of the provider, cultural ____________ is the
measurable outcomes of patients’ satisfaction and
their rating of the effectiveness of the advice or
education given.
Sensitivity, Competence
What is cultural destructiveness
Attitudes and behaviors damaging to other cultures
What cultural incapacity
Views of superiority towards one’s own culture
What is cultural blindness
Belief that culture makes no difference
What is cultural competence
Cultural differences are accepted and respected
What is cultural proficiency
Act to improve cultural relations in society
Culture also matters because…
Health status varies by cultural groups
There are substantial health disparities in segments of the population
What are health disparities?
“Differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of disease and other adverse health conditions that exist among specific population groups in the US”
Simply put: “disparities… occur when members of certain population groups do not enjoy the same health status as other groups”
Health disparities may be due to:
Socioeconomic status
Health insurance
Culture
Access to health care
Discrimination/racism/sterotyping
Environment
- living conditions
- rural vs. urban
Health behaviors
What is diversity?
Means having a range of people with various racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and cultural backgrounds various lifestyles, experience and interest
- having a variety of individuals and points of view represented in the department
Is a group of people who are different in the same place
What is cross-culture
Interactions between or among individuals who represent distinctly different cultures
What is race
Usually associated with biology and linked with physical characteristics such as skin color or hair texture
What is ethnicity
A group that shares cultural traditions, a common linguistic heritage and originates from the same land
To provide culturally appropriate, respectful and relevant interventions we need:
To understand our community
An attitude that respects different groups and culture
Skills for communicating with people from different cultures
Awareness of cultural differences, of our own attitudes and potential biases, and awareness of what is appropriate in communicating with different people
What is a cultural assessment
Identifies inappropriate behaviors within the target population’s culture
What are key factors to consider in a cultural assessment
Age/responsibilities
Weight
Income
Diet
Religion
Relationship building skills are…
Attending
Reflection
Legitimation
Show respect
Personal support
Partnership
What are the four phases of cross-culture nutrition counseling
Involving phase, exploration-education phase, resolving phase, and closing phase
What is the involving phase
Establish a rapport and sense of comfort
Review agendas
Welcome your clients input
What is the exploration-education phase
Use respondent-driven interview questions
Explore problems, skills and resources
Explain your perception
Acknowledge similarities/differences among you and your clients
Assess readiness to change
What is the resolving phase
Tailor your intervention approach to motivation level
What is the closing phase
Review what occurred during the session
Summarize issues and strengths
Restate goals
Plan for the next session
