Exam 1 - components of the cell Flashcards
1
Q
What are the components of the cell?
A
Plasma membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm
golgi apparatus
rough ER
Smooth ER
Mitochondria
Lysosome
Peroxisome
2
Q
Nucleus
A
- contains DNA
- codes instructions for protein synthesis
- site of transcription
3
Q
Cytoplasm
A
- contains proteins, enzymes, electrolytes
- offers structural support and cellular shape
- acts as network for communication and signaling
4
Q
Golgi Apparatus
A
- contains membrane sacks
- processes and packages protein after leaving rough ER
5
Q
Rough ER
A
- contains ribosomes for protein building/processing
- protein synthesis
6
Q
Smooth ER
A
- site of lipid synthesis
- no ribosomes
7
Q
mitochondria
A
- energy producing organelle
- site of ATP production
8
Q
Lysosome
A
- removes and recyles waste
- contains digestive enzymes for proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
- processes: phagocytosis, autophagy, exocytosis, bone resorption, hormone regulation
9
Q
peroxisome
A
- site of oxidative reactions
- releases H2O2, oxidizes long chain FA to A-CoA, AA catabolism, detoxyfying reactions
10
Q
Plasma membrane
A
- phospholipid bilayer containing protein, lipids, CHO, cholesterol
- surrounds cell as protective layer
- membrane proteins act as external stimuli and facilitate movement of substances in and out of cell
11
Q
What are the components of the plasma membrane?
A
- phospholipids
- membrane protein
- cholesterol
- glycocalyx
- glycoprotein
- glycolipids
- imbedded proteins
12
Q
What metabolic pathways take place in the cytoplasm?
A
glycolysis, PPP, glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, FA synthesis, translation of mRNA –> protein
13
Q
What metabolic pathways take place in the mitochondria?
A
B-oxidation, TCA cycle, ETC
