Exam 1: Chapters 3-4 Flashcards
Morals
Beliefs about what is right and wrong
Ethics
Branch of knowledge that deals with standards of behaviors or beliefs
A right
A claim that is expected to be honored that is stronger than a wish or need
Natural rights
- Right to life
- Right to privacy
- Right to autonomy
- Right to the means to sustain life
Autonomy
The right to make independent decisions about their health care according to their individual values and concerns without constraint or coercion by others
Informed consent
Consent based on the understanding of a medical procedure and its possible outcomes
Expressed consent
Given verbally or written
Implied consent
Given through nonverbal communication
Right to refuse treatment
Established by the 1990 Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) which established the duty of health maintenance orgs to inform patients or new subscribers of their right to express their wishes related to health care and refuse treatment
Advance Directives
- Do-not resuscitate order
- Living will
- Health care proxy
- Durable power of attorney
- Organ donation status
Felony
A serious crime punishable by death or imprisonment in a state or federal penal institution for more than 1 yr
Misdemeanor
A less serious crime punishable by a fine or imprisonment for less than a yr
Doctrine of respondeat superior
The person at the head of the org answers for the injuries caused by their employees
Statue of limitations
In a case of negligence or malpractice, each state defines a time limit during which a law suit must be initiated
- When injury occurred
- When individual realized injury had occurred
- When minor reaches specific age
A person working in a company with more than 15 employees is protected by what laws?
Equal Opportunity Employment laws (Title VII and Civil Rights Act of 1964) and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
- Health insurance availability and coverage - prevent insurance companies to have eligibly rules
- Privacy rule - disclosure of health info
- Transaction and code set rule - electronic data exchange standards
- Security rule - standards to maintain the PHI that is sent electronically
- National Provider Identifier
Mandated reporter
Physicians are required to make certain reports even if patient does not want that info released
- Records of births, stillbirths, deaths
- Reports must be made to coroner for certain types of deaths
- Infectious diseases
- Injury resulting from violence
- Possible abuse or neglect
- Crimes that occur in the office
- Other reports depend on state
Nonverbal communication
Message expressed without words through body language, facial expression, and other means
Active listening
Being “in the moment” and paying close attention to what is being said without thinking about anything else
Closed questions
Questions that can be answered with one word; used to obtain specific info
Barriers to Effective Communication
- Impaired level of understanding
- Sight impaired
- Hearing impaired
- Language barriers
Who should never be used as an interpretor
A child
The grieving process
- Denial
- Anger
- Bargaining
- Depression
- Acceptance
Paraphrasing
A restatement of the words of another, often to clarify meaning
