Exam 1 - Chapter 4

Question 1

Carbon basis of biomolecules

Answer 1

tetravalence allows for formation of large complex molecules

Question 2

organic molecules

Answer 2

• contain carbon rings or chains.

- CHON-PS=Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, sulfur

Question 3

hydrocarbon

Answer 3

molecule composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 4

isomers

Answer 4

compounds with same molecular formula but different structures

Question 5

Structural isomers

Answer 5

different covalent arrangement of atoms

Question 6

Geometric isomers aka cis/trans

Answer 6

same covalent arrangement of atoms but different spatial arrangements around C=C

Question 7

Enantiomers

Answer 7

isomers that are mirror images of each other

Question 8

Functional groups

Answer 8

atoms or small molecular groups attached to the skeleton of an organic compound that imprts a specific chemical property

Question 9

r-o-h

Answer 9

hydroxyl, polar

Question 10

r-ch3

Answer 10

methyl -nonpolar

Question 11

O
||
r-c-r

Answer 11

carbonyl, polar

Question 12

o
||
c
r/ \oh

Answer 12

carboxyl, charged, ionizes to release h

Question 13

/h
r-n
\h

Answer 13

amino, charged accepts H to form NH3

Question 14

o
||
r p-o
\o/ \o

Answer 14

phosphate, charged to release h

Question 15

r-s

\h

Answer 15

sulfhydryl, polar

Question 16

ATP - adenosine triphosphate

Answer 16

• primary energy currency of cell

- ATP broken down into ADP and inorganic phosphate