Exam 1: Ch 1 - Organ Systems Overview

Question 1

Integumentary

Answer 1

Skin - Epidermal/Dermal, cutaneous sense organs and glands

• protect organs from injury and drying out (desiccation)
• excretes salt/urea
• aids in regulation temp
• produces vit D

Question 2

Skeletal

Answer 2

bones, cartilages, tendons, ligaments, joints

• support and protection internal organs
• levers of muscular action
• cavities provide site for blood cell formation

Question 3

Muscular

Answer 3

muscles

• contract/shorten–skeletal muscles allow locomotion,grasping,manipulation enviro,face expressions
• generate heat

Question 4

Nervous

Answer 4

brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors

• allows body detect changes int/ext enviro and respond by activation or muscles/glands
• homeostasis via rapid transmission of electrical signals

Question 5

Endocrine

Answer 5

pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pineal glands; ovaries, testes, pancreas
- homeostasis by promoting growth/development, produce chemical messengers aka hormones to exert effect on organs
Slow acting system

Question 6

Cardiovascular

Answer 6

heart, blood vessels, blood

• transport system carries blood(O,CO2,nutrients,waste,ions,hormones ect from tissue cells where exchanges are made), and blood is propelled through vessels via action of heart pumping
• antibiodies and other proteins in blood act to protect body

Question 7

Lymphatic/Immunity

Answer 7

lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, lymphoid tissue

• picks up fluid leaked from vessels and returns to the blood
• cleanses blood of pathogens/debris
• houses lymphocytes that act via immune response to protect from antigens (foreign substances)

Question 8

Respiratory

Answer 8

nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

• keeps blood continuously supplied with O2 and removed CO2
• contributes to acid/base balance of blood via carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system

Question 9

Digestive

Answer 9

oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, intestines, teeth, salivary, liver, pancreas

• break down food to be absorbed into blood for delivery to body cells
• undigested residue removed as feces

Question 10

Urinary

Answer 10

kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

• rids of nitrogen containing waste (urea, uric acid, ammonia) which results from breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids by body cells
• maintains water, electrolyte, and acid base balance of blood

Question 11

Reproductive

Answer 11

males: testes, prostate, scrotum, penis, duct system that carries sperm
female: ovaries, uterus, uterine tubes, mammary glands, vagina
- provides germ cells (eggs); the uterus houses the developing fetus until birth, mammary glands provide nutrition for infant