Exam 1 - Back Muscles Flashcards
Rotatores (brevis and longus) - origin
Transverse process of vertebrae at all levels
Obliquus capitis inferior - nerve
suboccipitial nerve
Rectus capitis posterior minor - nerve
Suboccipital nerve or dorsal ramus of cervical spinal nerve (C1)
Semispinalis capitis - insertion
attaches to occipital bone
Splenuis capitis - action
Solo - extends, rotates, and laterally flexes head to same side
Together - extends head and neck
Anatomical orientation:
lateral
further away from the midline
Semispinalis cervics - nerve
medial branches of posterior rami of lower cervical and upper thoracic nerves
spinalis -action
extends and laterally flexes trunk
Anatomical orientation:
Medial
nearer the midline/ median plane of the body
Intermediate Back muscles
Serratus posterior superior and inferior
Longissimus capitis - origin
Transverse process T1-T5
Serratus posterior inferior - action
depresses ribs
Spinalis capitis - origin
Spinous process C7
Splenius cervicis - insertion
Transverse processes C1-C2
Terms of Movement:
Lateral rotation
external rotation
Semispinalis capitis - insertion
area between superior and inferior nuchal lines of occip. bone
Obliquus capitis superior - nerve
suboccipital nerve
Minor deep layers of back muscles
Interspinales, Intertransversarii, Levatores costarum
Iliocostalis cervicis - insertion
Transverse process C4-C6
Superficial intrinsic back muscles
Splenius capitis and cervicis
longissimus - action
extends and laterally flexes trunk
Rectus capitis posterior major -nerve
Suboccipital nerve or dorsal ramus of cervical spinal nerve (C1)
Rhomboid minor - action
elevates medial border of scapula upward and medially
Rhomboid minor - nerve
Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)
Rectus capitis posterior minor - insertion
Medial portion of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone
Levator Scapula - insertion
Superior angle of scap
medial border of scap superior to spine
Anatomical Descriptors:
Sagittal Plane
vertical planes passing through body parallel to median plane; not symmetrical
Semispinalis cervicis - origin
Transverse process T1-T6
Rhomboid minor - origin
Spinous processes C7-T1
Nuchal ligament
Semispinalis cervics - arterial supply
occipital artery
deep cervical artery (DCA)
vertebral artery (VA)
dorsal branches of upper posterior intercostal arteries
Quadratus lumborum - insertion
inferior border of 12th rib
Rotatores - insertion
base of spinous process and adjacent laminae
Longissimus capitis - insertion
mastoid process
Latissimus dorsi - origin
Iliac crest
thoracolumbar fascia
Spinous processes T7-T12
Ribs 9-12
Levator Scapula - origin
Transverse processes C1-C4
Rhomboid minor - arterial supply
Dorsal scap artery (DSA)
Superior Trap - Insertion
lateral 1/3 of clavicle
acrominon
Semispinalis capitis - nerve
greater occipital nerve (C2)
C3 nerve
Latissimus dorsi - arterial supply
Thoracodorsal artery
Middle trap - insertion
medial border of acrominon
spine of scap
Anatomical orientation:
Posterior/ dorsal
Toward the back of the body
Serratus posterior inferior - nerve
ventral rami of 9-12 thoracic nerves
Terms of Movement:
Circumduction
circular movement that involves sequential flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction so that distal end moves in a circle
Anatomical orientation:
Palmar surface
surface of the hands and fingers corresponding to the palm
Iliocostalis lumborum - insertion
Ribs 7-12
Sub Occipitial Muscles
Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Obliquus capitis superior
Obliquus capitis inferior
Splenuis capitis - arterial supply
descending branch of occipital artery
Deep cervical artery (DCA)
Latissimus dorsi - nerve
thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)
Rhomboid major - action
pull scap medially and upward
Transversospinales muscles
Semispinales (superficial)
Multifidus
Rotatores (deep)
iliocostalis thoracis - insertion
angles of ribs 1-6
Multifidus - origin
back surface of sacrum
posterior superior iliac spine
mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae
transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae
articular process of cervical vertebrae
Levator Scapula - arterial supply
Transverse cervial artery (TCA)
Ascending cervical artery (ACA)
Vertebral artery (VA)
Semispinalis - action
extends head, neck, thoracic region and rotates them contralaterally
Rectus capitis posterior minor - origin
Tubercle on the posterior arch of the atlas (C1)
iliocostalis - nerve
lateral branches of posterior rami of thoracic nerves
Levatores costarum - action
elevate ribs assist in respiration
assist in lateral flexion of vertebral column
Serratus posterior inferior - origin
Spinous processes T11-L2
Multifidus - nerve
posterior rami of spinal nerves
Rectus capitis posterior major - origin
Spinous process C2
Serratus posterior superior - insertion
external surfaces of ribs 2-5
Splenuis capitis - nerve
posterior rami of cervical nerves 2-3
Rectus capitis posterior major - arterial supply
Vertebral artery (VA) Descending branch of occip. artery
Inferior trap - origin
Spinous processes T6-T12
Latissimus dorsi - insertion
intertubercular groove of humerus
Levatores costarum - insertion
Attaches to ribs immediately below
Anatomical Descriptors:
Transverse sections
cross sections or slices of body, cut perpendicular to longitudinal sections
Terms of Movement:
Opposition
movement by which pad of first digit (thumb) is brought to another digit pad