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GA 1 > Exam 1 - Back Muscles > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Back Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) - origin

A

Transverse process of vertebrae at all levels

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2
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior - nerve

A

suboccipitial nerve

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3
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor - nerve

A

Suboccipital nerve or dorsal ramus of cervical spinal nerve (C1)

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4
Q

Semispinalis capitis - insertion

A

attaches to occipital bone

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5
Q

Splenuis capitis - action

A

Solo - extends, rotates, and laterally flexes head to same side

Together - extends head and neck

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6
Q

Anatomical orientation:

lateral

A

further away from the midline

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7
Q

Semispinalis cervics - nerve

A

medial branches of posterior rami of lower cervical and upper thoracic nerves

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8
Q

spinalis -action

A

extends and laterally flexes trunk

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9
Q

Anatomical orientation:

Medial

A

nearer the midline/ median plane of the body

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10
Q

Intermediate Back muscles

A

Serratus posterior superior and inferior

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11
Q

Longissimus capitis - origin

A

Transverse process T1-T5

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12
Q

Serratus posterior inferior - action

A

depresses ribs

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13
Q

Spinalis capitis - origin

A

Spinous process C7

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14
Q

Splenius cervicis - insertion

A

Transverse processes C1-C2

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15
Q

Terms of Movement:

Lateral rotation

A

external rotation

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16
Q

Semispinalis capitis - insertion

A

area between superior and inferior nuchal lines of occip. bone

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17
Q

Obliquus capitis superior - nerve

A

suboccipital nerve

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18
Q

Minor deep layers of back muscles

A

Interspinales, Intertransversarii, Levatores costarum

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19
Q

Iliocostalis cervicis - insertion

A

Transverse process C4-C6

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20
Q

Superficial intrinsic back muscles

A

Splenius capitis and cervicis

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21
Q

longissimus - action

A

extends and laterally flexes trunk

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22
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major -nerve

A

Suboccipital nerve or dorsal ramus of cervical spinal nerve (C1)

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23
Q

Rhomboid minor - action

A

elevates medial border of scapula upward and medially

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24
Q

Rhomboid minor - nerve

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)

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25
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor - insertion

A

Medial portion of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone

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26
Q

Levator Scapula - insertion

A

Superior angle of scap

medial border of scap superior to spine

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27
Q

Anatomical Descriptors:

Sagittal Plane

A

vertical planes passing through body parallel to median plane; not symmetrical

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28
Q

Semispinalis cervicis - origin

A

Transverse process T1-T6

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29
Q

Rhomboid minor - origin

A

Spinous processes C7-T1

Nuchal ligament

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30
Q

Semispinalis cervics - arterial supply

A

occipital artery

deep cervical artery (DCA)

vertebral artery (VA)

dorsal branches of upper posterior intercostal arteries

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31
Q

Quadratus lumborum - insertion

A

inferior border of 12th rib

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32
Q

Rotatores - insertion

A

base of spinous process and adjacent laminae

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33
Q

Longissimus capitis - insertion

A

mastoid process

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34
Q

Latissimus dorsi - origin

A

Iliac crest

thoracolumbar fascia

Spinous processes T7-T12

Ribs 9-12

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35
Q

Levator Scapula - origin

A

Transverse processes C1-C4

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36
Q

Rhomboid minor - arterial supply

A

Dorsal scap artery (DSA)

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37
Q

Superior Trap - Insertion

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle

acrominon

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38
Q

Semispinalis capitis - nerve

A

greater occipital nerve (C2)

C3 nerve

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39
Q

Latissimus dorsi - arterial supply

A

Thoracodorsal artery

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40
Q

Middle trap - insertion

A

medial border of acrominon

spine of scap

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41
Q

Anatomical orientation:

Posterior/ dorsal

A

Toward the back of the body

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42
Q

Serratus posterior inferior - nerve

A

ventral rami of 9-12 thoracic nerves

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43
Q

Terms of Movement:

Circumduction

A

circular movement that involves sequential flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction so that distal end moves in a circle

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44
Q

Anatomical orientation:

Palmar surface

A

surface of the hands and fingers corresponding to the palm

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45
Q

Iliocostalis lumborum - insertion

A

Ribs 7-12

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46
Q

Sub Occipitial Muscles

A

Rectus capitis posterior major

Rectus capitis posterior minor

Obliquus capitis superior

Obliquus capitis inferior

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47
Q

Splenuis capitis - arterial supply

A

descending branch of occipital artery

Deep cervical artery (DCA)

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48
Q

Latissimus dorsi - nerve

A

thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

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49
Q

Rhomboid major - action

A

pull scap medially and upward

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50
Q

Transversospinales muscles

A

Semispinales (superficial)

Multifidus

Rotatores (deep)

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51
Q

iliocostalis thoracis - insertion

A

angles of ribs 1-6

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52
Q

Multifidus - origin

A

back surface of sacrum

posterior superior iliac spine

mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae

transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

articular process of cervical vertebrae

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53
Q

Levator Scapula - arterial supply

A

Transverse cervial artery (TCA)

Ascending cervical artery (ACA)

Vertebral artery (VA)

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54
Q

Semispinalis - action

A

extends head, neck, thoracic region and rotates them contralaterally

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55
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor - origin

A

Tubercle on the posterior arch of the atlas (C1)

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56
Q

iliocostalis - nerve

A

lateral branches of posterior rami of thoracic nerves

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57
Q

Levatores costarum - action

A

elevate ribs assist in respiration

assist in lateral flexion of vertebral column

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58
Q

Serratus posterior inferior - origin

A

Spinous processes T11-L2

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59
Q

Multifidus - nerve

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

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60
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major - origin

A

Spinous process C2

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61
Q

Serratus posterior superior - insertion

A

external surfaces of ribs 2-5

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62
Q

Splenuis capitis - nerve

A

posterior rami of cervical nerves 2-3

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63
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major - arterial supply

A

Vertebral artery (VA) Descending branch of occip. artery

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64
Q

Inferior trap - origin

A

Spinous processes T6-T12

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65
Q

Latissimus dorsi - insertion

A

intertubercular groove of humerus

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66
Q

Levatores costarum - insertion

A

Attaches to ribs immediately below

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67
Q

Anatomical Descriptors:

Transverse sections

A

cross sections or slices of body, cut perpendicular to longitudinal sections

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68
Q

Terms of Movement:

Opposition

A

movement by which pad of first digit (thumb) is brought to another digit pad

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69
Q

Anatomical orientation:

External

A

Outside of or farther from center of body

70
Q

Spinalis cervicis - origin

A

Spinous processes of C7-T2

Ligamentum nuchae

71
Q

Serratus posterior inferior - arterial supply

A

dorsal branches of lower posterior intercostal arteries

72
Q

Rhomboid major - origin

A

Spinous processes T2-T5

73
Q

Erector spinae - origin

A

Spinous processes L1-L5

Sacrum

Posterior aspect of iliac crest

74
Q

Semispinalis cervicis - insertion

A

spinous processes C2-C5

75
Q

Obliquus capitis superior - insertion

A

Between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone

76
Q

Splenius cervicis - arterial supply

A

descending branch of occipital artery

deep cervical artery (DCA)

77
Q

Semispinalis cervicis - insertion

A

spinous process C2-C5

78
Q

Interspinales - action

A

extension and rotation of vertebral column

79
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor - arterial supply

A

Vertebral artery (VA) Descending branch of occip. artery

80
Q

Terms of Movement:

Reposition

A

movement of 1st digit (thumb) from opposition back to anatmoical position

81
Q

Anatomical orientation:

inferior/ caudal

A

toward the foot

82
Q

Inferior trap - insertion

A

tubercle of spine of scap

83
Q

Anatomical orientation:

Anterior/ ventral (or rostral when talking about brain)

A

toward the front surface of the body

84
Q

Anatomical orientation:

Plantar Surface

A

surface of foot and toes corresponding to the sole

85
Q

Serratus posterior inferior - insertion

A

external surfaces of ribs 9-12

86
Q

Rhomboid major - insertion

A

medial border of scap inferior to spine

87
Q

Splenius cervicis - origin

A

Spinous processes T3-T6

88
Q

Spinalis cervicis - insertion

A

Spinous processes of C2-C4

89
Q

Erector spinae muscles

A

Iliocostalis (lateral)

Longissimus

Spinalis (medial)

90
Q

Levatores costarum - origin

A

tips of transverse processes C7-T11

91
Q

Trapezius - Arterial supply

A

transverse cervical artery (TCA)

92
Q

Semispinalis thoracics - insertion

A

spinous process T1-T4 and C6-C7

93
Q

Rotatores - action

A

stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotary movements of vertebral column

  • proprioceptive
94
Q

Interspinales - nerve

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

95
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior - action

A

Ipsilateral rotation of the atlantoaxial joint

96
Q

Splenius cervicis - nerve

A

posterior rami of lower cervical nerves

97
Q

Intermediate intrinsic back muscles

A

Erector spinae

98
Q

Levator Scapula - Action

A

elevates scapula

99
Q

Rhomboid minor - insertion

A

Scap adjacent to spine

100
Q

Intertransversarii - nerve

A

posterior and anterior rami of spinal nerves

101
Q

iliocostalis - action

A

extends and laterally flexes trunk

102
Q

Anatomical orientation:

Superolateral

A

Nearer to the head and farther from midline

103
Q

Splenius cervicis - action

A

Solo - extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck to same side

Together - extends head and neck

104
Q

iliocostalis thoracis - arterial supply

A

dorsal branches of posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries

105
Q

Semispinalis thoracics- origin

A

Transverse process T6-T10/12

106
Q

Middle trap - action

A

(origin fixed) adduct scap

107
Q

Serratus posterior superior - origin

A

nuchal ligament

Spinous processes C7-T3

108
Q

Middle trap - origin

A

spinous processes T1-T5

109
Q

Semispinalis capitis - origin

110
Q

longissimus thoracis - arterial supply

A

dorsal branches of posterior intercostal and lumbar arteries

lateral sacral arteries

111
Q

Obliquus capitis superior - action

A

Bilaterally: extend head;

unilaterally: laterally flex head to the same side as the muscle.

112
Q

Intertransversarii - action

A

lateral flexion of vertebral column

act bilaterally to stabilize vertebral column

113
Q

spinalis thoracis - arterial supply

A

dorsal branches of posterior intercostal, subcostal, upper lumbar arteries

114
Q

Inferior trap - action

A

(origin fixed) depress scap

115
Q

Longissimus cervicis - origin

A

Transverse process T1-T5

116
Q

Terms of Movement:

protrusion

A

movement anteriorly/ forward, as in protruding the mandible

117
Q

Splenuis capitis - insertion

A

mastoid process

lateral 1/3 superior nuchal line

118
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior - insertion

A

inferior aspect of the tip of the transverse process of the atlas

119
Q

Anatomical orientation:

Dorsum

A

superior aspect of any part that protrudes anteriorly from the body (example: dorsum of tongue, nose, foot)

120
Q

Anatomical Descriptors:

Frontal (coronal) plane

A

vertical planes passing through body at right angles to median and sagittal planes; divides body into anterior and posterior

121
Q

Rhomboid major - arterial supply

A

Dorsal scap artery (DSA)

122
Q

Superior Trap - Origin

A

extrernal occipital protuberence

superior nuchal line

ligamentum nuchae

spinous process C7

123
Q

Terms of Movement:

Retrusion

A

movement posteriorly/ backward, as in retruding the lips or tongue

124
Q

Serratus posterior superior - arterial supply

A

dorsal branches of upper posterior intercostal arteries

125
Q

Iliocostalis cervicis - origin

126
Q

Anatomical Descriptors:

Transverse planes

A

horizontal planes passing through body at right angles to median and frontal planes; divides bodies into superior and inferior

127
Q

Longissimus cervicis - insertion

A

Transverse process C2-C6

128
Q

longissimus thoracis - insertion

A

transverse processes of lumbar and thoracic vertebrae

Ribs 2-12

129
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor - action

A

extension of the head

130
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major - action

A

Ipsilateral rotation of the atlantoaxial joint

131
Q

Splenuis capitis - origin

A

nuchal ligament

spinous processes C7-T3

132
Q

Levator Scapula - nerve

A

ventral rami of C3-C4 nerves

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

133
Q

Terms of Movement:

Medial rotation

A

Internal rotation

134
Q

Anatomical orientation:

Dorsal surface

A

surface of hands, feet, and digits corresponding to dorsum

135
Q

Multifidus - action

A

stabilize vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

136
Q

Anatomical Descriptors:

Oblique sections

A

slices of the body cut in any other plane than transverse or longitudinal

137
Q

Semispinalis - nerve

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

138
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major - insertion

A

lateral part of inferior nuchal line of occip. bone

139
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior - origin

A

Base of spinous process and adjoining lamina of the axis

140
Q

Semispinalis cervics - action

A

extends and rotates neck

141
Q

Anatomical orientation:

Inferomedial

A

Nearer to the feet and median plane

142
Q

Semispinalis capitis - action

A

extends and rotates head

143
Q

longissimus - nerve

A

lateral branches of posterior rami of thoracic and lumbar nerves

144
Q

Multifidus - insertion

A

Spinous process of each vertebrae in spinal column, except C1

145
Q

Rotatores - nerve

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

146
Q

Superficial Back Muscles

A

Trapezius, Latissimus dorsi, Levator scapulae, Rhomboid major and minor

147
Q

Latissimus dorsi - action

A

Adducts, medially rotates, and extends humerus

148
Q

Anatomical orientation:

internal

A

inside or closer to the center

149
Q

Rhomboid major - nerve

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)

150
Q

Interspinales - insertion

A

superior spinous processes

151
Q

Levatores costarum - nerve

A

posterior rami of C8-T11 spinal nerves

152
Q

Iliocostalis Lumborum - origin

A

medial and lateral sacral crests

medial iliac crest

153
Q

Anatomical orientation:

superior/ cranial

A

toward the head

154
Q

Serratus posterior superior - nerve

A

ventral rami of thoracic nerves 2-5

155
Q

Semispinalis cervicis - origin

A

transverse processes T1-T6

156
Q

Serratus posterior superior - action

A

elevates ribs, respiratory muscle

157
Q

Superior Trap - Action

A

origin fixed - stabilizes, elevates, retracts, and rotates scap

(insertion fixed) laterally flex and rotate head and neck

158
Q

Intertransversarii - origin

A

between each transverse process C2/3 - L4/5

159
Q

Anatomical Descriptors:

Median Plane

A

Vertical anteroposterior plane; divides body into right and left

160
Q

Proprioception

A

noun:

perception or awareness of the position and movement of the body.

“exercises to improve balance and proprioception”

161
Q

Obliquus capitis superior - origin

A

Superior surface of the transverse process of the atlas (C1)

162
Q

Interspinales - origin

A

Between each spinous process at each level C2-L5

163
Q

Major deep layers of back muscles

A

Transversospinalis, semispinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores

164
Q

Intertransversarii - insertion

A

transverse process superiorly adjacent from origin

165
Q

spinalis - nerve

A

posterior rami of thoracic and upper lumbar nerves

166
Q

Spinalis thoracics - insertion

A

spinous processes T2-T8

167
Q

Anatomical Descriptors:

Longitudinal sections

A

run lengthwise or parallel to long axis of body

168
Q

Semispinalis capitis - origin

A

superior articular processes of C4-C7

transverse processes of T1-T6

169
Q

Trapezius - Nerve

A

accessory nerve (C11)

Nerves C3-C4

170
Q

Semispinalis capitis - arterial supply

A

occipital artery

deep cervical artery (DCA)

vertebral artery (VA)

dorsal branches of upper posterior intercostal arteries

GA 1 (7 decks)

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