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GA 1 > Bones/ Cardio > Flashcards

Bones/ Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

Long bones

A

tubular (example - humerus)

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2
Q

Bone markings

A

appear wherever tendons, ligaments, and fascias are attached or where arteries enter bones

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3
Q

Bone markings - tuberosity

A

large rounded elevation

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4
Q

Convergent muscles

A

arise from a broad area and converge to form a single tendon (pec major)

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5
Q

Multihead or multibellied muscles

A

have more than one head of attachment or more than one contractile belly (triceps brachii)

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6
Q

Bone markings - fossa

A

hollow or depressed area

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7
Q

Bone markings - epicondyle

A

eminence superior or adjacent to a condyle (lateral epicondyle of humerus)

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8
Q

Bone markings - trochanter

A

large blunt elevation

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9
Q

Sesamoid bones

A

develop in certain tendons, are found where tendons cross ends of long bones in limbs; protect tendons from excessive wear, often change angle of tendons as they pass to attachments

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10
Q

Bone markings - crest

A

ridge of bone (iliac crest)

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11
Q

Flat muscles

A

parallel fibers with an aponeurosis (external oblique, sartorius)

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12
Q

Flat bones

A

serve protective functions (flat bones of cranium protect brain)

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13
Q

Irregular bones

A

various shapes other than long, short, or flat (bones of face)

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14
Q

Bone markings - groove

A

elongated depression or furrow

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15
Q

Quadrate muscles

A

4 equal sides (rectus abdominus)

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16
Q

Bone markings - process

A

extension or protrusion serving a particular purpose, having a characteristic shape or extending in a particular direction (SP of vertebra)

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17
Q

Bone markings - head

A

large, round articular end

18
Q

Bone markings - trochlea

A

spool-like articular process or process that acts as a pulley

19
Q

Bone markings - notch

A

indentation at the edge of a bone

20
Q

Bone markings - line

A

linear elevation, sometimes called a ridge

21
Q

Short bones

A

cuboidal and found only in tarsus (ankle) and carpus (wrist)

22
Q

Hinge joint

A

permits flexion and extension only, movement that occurs in only one plane (elbow)

23
Q

Bone markings - neck

A

relatively narrow portion proximal to head

24
Q

Circular or sphincteral muscles

A

surround a body opening or orifice, constricting when contracted (oblicularis oculi)

25
Q

Pennate muscles

A

feather-like in arrangement of fascicles and may be uni, (extensor digitorum longus) bi (rectus femoris), or multi (deltoid)

26
Q

Plane joint

A

permits gliding/ sliding movement in plane or articular surfaces (AC & SC joint)

27
Q

Ball and Socket joint

A

allows movement in multiple axes and planes (flex, ext, add, abd, medial and lateral rotation, circumduction) (hip)

28
Q

Bone markings - capitulum

A

small, round, articular head (capitulum of humerus)

29
Q

Bone markings - spine

A

thorn-like process (spine of scap)

30
Q

Bone markings - Foramen

A

passage through a bone (intervertebral foramen)

31
Q

Bone markings - malleolus

A

rounded process

32
Q

Pivot joint

A

permits rotation around a central axis, uniaxial (C1 vertebra rotates around C2 dens)

33
Q

Saddle joint

A

permits abduction and adduction + flexion and extension, movements occurring around 2 axes at right angles (metacarpal joint at base of thumb)

34
Q

Bone markings - body

A

principal mass of a bone (shaft of long bones; weight-bearing portion of vertebrae)

35
Q

Bone markings - shaft

A

diaphysis or body of a long bone

36
Q

Fusiform muscles

A

spindle-shaped with a round, thick belly and tapered ends (biceps brachii)

37
Q

Bone markings - protuberance

A

bulge or projection of bone

38
Q

Bone markings - tubercle

A

small raised eminence

39
Q

Bone markings - facet

A

smooth, flat area, usually covered in cartilage, where a bone articulates with another bone (costal facet)

40
Q

Bone markings - condyle

A

rounded, knuckle-like articular area, often occurs in pairs (lateral and medial femoral condyle)

GA 1 (7 decks)

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