Exam # 1 Astronomh

Question 1

Who discovered that all objects fall to the ground at the same rate? (regardless of weight).

Answer 1

Galileo

Question 2

Who first came up with the idea that “In the absence of collisions, an object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion continues to move at at rest, and an object in motion continues to move at the same speed in the same direction. “

Answer 2

Rene Descartes

Question 3

Who came up with the idea that “There must be an attractive force causing the planets to be continually deflected towards the Sun.”?

Answer 3

Robert Hooke

Question 4

What is Mass?

Answer 4

The measure of the amount of matter a body contains.

Question 5

What is Velocity?

Answer 5

measure of both the speed and direction of an object

Question 6

What is Acceleration?

Answer 6

The change of velocity over time.Either speed, direction or both.

Question 7

What was Sir Isaac newton’s first law of motion?

Answer 7

1. Conservation of Momentum
   Inertia: An object remains at rest or continues in motion at
   constant velocity unless it is acted on by an
   unbalanced external force..
   Momentum: A measure of both the Mass and
   velocity of an object

Question 8

What was Sir Isaac Newton’s second law of motion?

Answer 8

2. Force Law
   . Acceleration (a) that a net force (FNET ) can produce depends directly on the object being accelerated.
   Example:
   FNET = ma

Question 9

What was Sir Isaac Newton’s third law of motion?

Answer 9

When two bodies interact, they exert equal and opposite force on each other.

Question 10

Why does Sir Isaac Newton’s second law of motion work?

Answer 10

Because objects that travel in a circle are not conserving momentum based on Newton’s first law, the object experiences a net force eitherwise known as centripetal force

Question 11

How do you measure the math of the sun?

Answer 11

Psquared = acubed

Question 12

What is Retrograde motion?

Answer 12

The apparent backward motion (E -> W) of a planet with respect to the background stars.

Question 13

What is Prograde motion?

Answer 13

Prograde motion is the apparent forward motion (from W to E) of the planets with respect to fixed stars.

Question 14

What is Astronomy?

Answer 14

It is an observational Science:
Difficult to do experiments
Chemistry, Biology, physics are experimental
It is the study of the very big, and the very small. Everything from the smallest particle to the entire universe.

Question 15

What is the size of the Sun in comparison to the Earth

Answer 15

109 : 1

Question 16

Who were the first people to build observatories?

Answer 16

The Mesopotamians

Question 17

Describe how one would measure the size of the Earth

Answer 17

Measure the difference of the lengths of shadows in two different cities.