Chapter 7 Quiz Part 2. Flashcards
How are Emissions produced?
Emissions can be produced by inserting chemical salts into a flame giving off a characteristic color.
How can Absoroptions be produced?
Absorptions can be produced by inserting a cool gas (liquid or solid) into the path of the continuous (hotter) light source.
What are Absorption Lines?
Absorption lines are dark lines that are formed within a continuous spectrum when Absorption of energy takes place.
What are emission lines?
Emission lines are the brighter lines that are seen when the emission of energy takes place.
Each atom (or ion) is unique in some way. How are they unique?
Each atom (or ion) has unique orbits for its electrons, therefore each atom or ion has unique special features like emission or absorption lines.
What can be used to determine how fast an object is moving towards or away from an observer?
Radial Velocity.
What is Radial Velocity
Radial velocity is the motion along the line of sight measured by the doppler effect.
Astronomers look for the shift in ___ to judge the general speed of celestial bodies.
Absorption or emission lines.
On a spectra scale, The ___ side is the side that is on the far side.
Red
On a spectra scale, the ___ side is the side that is on the closer side.
Blue
A ___ shift is one that moves towards the far side.
Red
A ___ shift is one that moves towards the closer side.
Blue
Energy is tied with ___ and both move in the same direction.
Frequency
As an object moves toward or away from us, the wavelengths are shifted. When an object moves towards an observer, the wavelength becomes ___ and there is a ___ shift.
Shorter; Blue
As an object moves toward or away from us, the wavelengths are shifted. When an object moves away from an observer, the wavelength becomes ___ and there is a ___ shift.
longer; Red
What is Wiens Law?
A star whose peak is in the blue part of the spectrum has a higher temperature than a star whose peak is in the red part of the spectrum even if it is higher. Put simply, the higher the curve, the higher the brightness. The closer to the blue side of the spectra the hotter it is, the closer to the red side of the spectra the colder it is.
What star is the closest to the Earth?
The Sun(Helios).
How much bigger is the Sun than the earth in diameter and volume?
Diameter: 109 times the size
Volume: 1,000,000 times the size
How many days does it take for the Sun to complete a rotation?
24 days in most places, but longer at the poles (around 28 days). W to E
The Sun is not ___
Rigid.
What form of energy does the sun run on?
Nuclear Fusion
What is Nuclear Fusion?
The Fusion of two atoms, which requires an extreme amount of pressure and heat. Currently, it’s not practical to use this ourselves as the amount of energy required to kick the process off isn’t efficient.
What is Nuclear Fission?
The Splitting of an atom into two others, a process that we currently use. The only problem with this is it creates a large amount of waste that is hard to dispose of.
As you go toward the center of the Sun, the ___ of the overlying layers becomes immense.
Pressure.
Left to itself, the Sun would ___
Implode
To keep the Sun shining and intact, there must be a force that counteracts the pressure created by the Sun’s immense mass. This force is ___
Radiation
What is Hydroacoustic Equilibrium?
Equilibrium between gravity and radiation.
Ideal Gas Law
Increased temperature goes a long with increased pressure.
Who developed the idea that mass and energy are related?
Albert Einstein.
