Exam 1

Question 1

Hedonism

Answer 1

The only thing that is good in the world is pleasure & the only thing that is bad in the world is pain

Question 2

Principle of humanity

Answer 2

Always treat human beings (yourself included) as an end, & never as a mere mean

Question 3

Autonomous

Answer 3

We have the baility to decide what principle to follow in living our lives

Question 4

What are some advantages of kant’s principle of humanity?

Answer 4

1. Gives a good explanation for why slavery is wrong
2. Allows for human rights
3. Makes sense of holding people accountable for their actions

Question 5

Kant believes that actions that are inconsistent with everyone else acting the same way are _________

Answer 5

Immoral

Question 6

Maxims

Answer 6

Is the principle of action you give youself when you are about to do something (your actions & intensions)

Question 7

To treat someone as a ______ is to use them to help accomplish some goal that you have

Answer 7

As a means

Question 8

Kant belives humans have a special moral status because we are what?

Answer 8

1. Rational
2. Autonomous

Question 9

Rational

Answer 9

We have the ability to use reason to help us figure out what to do

Question 10

To treat someone as an ______ is to treat them with the respect they deserve as rational & autonomous things

Answer 10

As an End

Question 11

Kant belives only actions that are done from the _______ _________ have moral worth

Answer 11

Good Will

Question 12

Rule- Utilitarianism

Answer 12

Only cares about what rule if everyone followed it would produced the most good over bad

Question 13

What is morally valuable to kant?

Answer 13

The only thing that is morally valuable is the good will

Question 14

Actions that fail the test of universalizabilty are _______

Answer 14

Immoral

Question 15

Kant’s principle of universalizabilty

Answer 15

An act is morally acceptable if & only if its maxium is univeralizable

Question 16

To treat someone as a _________ is to use them to help accomplish some goal that you have but without treating them with the respect they deserve as rational & autonomous beings

Answer 16

As a mere means

Question 17

Only actions that have moral worth are those that we do _________ they are our moral Duty

Answer 17

Because they are our moral duty

Question 18

What are the two non-consequentalist moral principles?

Answer 18

1. Kant’s principle of universalizablity
2. Kant’s principle of humanity

Question 19

What are some disadvantages of Kant’s principle of humanity?

Answer 19

1. Its not entirely clear how we can apply this principle in every situation
2. It doesnt allow for the moral importance of children, the mentally disabled, & animals

Question 20

Act - Utilitarianism

Answer 20

Only cares about the what actions produces the most good over bad (everyone considered)

Question 21

What are the two parts to Good Will?

Answer 21

1. Being able to reliably know what your duty is
2. Being committed to doing your duty for its own sake (Doing it because its the right thing to do)

Question 22

What are the two parts of consequentialsim?

Answer 22

1. Act-Utilitarianism
2. Rule- Utilitarianism

Question 23

What is the moral value for utilitarianism?

Answer 23

The only thing morally valuable is pleasure & the only thing that is morally disvalubale is pain

Question 24

Kant’s test for universalizablity

Answer 24

1. Formulate your maxims clearly(state your actions & intensions)
2. Imagine a world in which everyone supports & acts on your maxim
3. Ask yourself whether the goal of your actions can be achieved in such a world (If yes then action is morally permissible & if no then is not morally permissible)

Question 25

Univeralizabilty

Answer 25

Test whether our actions are consistent with everyone else acting in the very same way