Exam 1

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The branch of science that studies the STRUCTURE of body parts.

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The branch of science that studies what the body parts do and their FUNCTION.

Question 3

Microscopic Anatomy

Answer 3

Examines structures that cannot be seen by the unaided eye. Needs a microscope.

Question 4

Macroscopic Anatomy

Answer 4

AKA Gross Anatomy
Investigated the structure and relationships of the body parts that are VISIBLE to the unaided eye such as the intestines, stomach, brain, heart, kidneys.

Question 5

Cytology

Answer 5

The study of body cells and their internal structure.

Question 6

Histology

Answer 6

The study of Tissues

Question 7

Anatomical Position

Answer 7

Standing upright, feet parallel and flat, palms facing anteriorly, level head with arms at side facing forward

Question 8

Matter

Answer 8

Substance/ anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 9

Element

Answer 9

A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reaction- 92 naturally occurring elements

Question 10

Atom

Answer 10

The smallest unit of matter that still retains the chemical properties of an element

Question 11

Molecule

Answer 11

2 or more atoms held together by a covenant bond/ composed of atoms or ions held together by a covenant bond

Question 12

Compound

Answer 12

Substance consisting of 2 or more elements combined into a fixed ratio

Question 13

Neutrons

Answer 13

Subatomical particle with no electrical charge- Uncharged/neutral that makes up an atom

Question 14

Proton

Answer 14

Has a positive charge of +1 subatomic particle that makes up an atom
Neutrons and protons compose almost the entire mass of an atom

Question 15

Electron

Answer 15

Subatomic particle with negative charge that makes up an atom

Question 16

Chemical symbol

Answer 16

Assigned to each element. Usually identified by its first letter plus an additional letter of its name. He-Helium, H-Hydrogen, C-Carbon

Question 17

Determining the number of subatomical particles

Answer 17

Calculate the number of neutrons by taking the mass number and subtracting the number of protons found in the nucleus

Question 18

Atomic number

Answer 18

Indicates the number of protons written directly above chemical symbol

Question 19

Atomic mass

Answer 19

Total mass/weight of both protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus. Number directly below the chemical symbol

Question 20

Negative Feedback Loop

Answer 20

Most process in the body are controlled by this.

A control mechanism that keeps a variable within normal levels. Resulting action will always be in the opposite direction of the stimulus.

Question 21

Positive feedback loop

Answer 21

Control mechanism that increases the original change in a variable. Occurs much less frequently than negative feedback. Stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction UNTIL a climatic event occurs.

Question 22

Non-polar Covalent Bond

Answer 22

Covalent bond between 2 atoms that share 1 or more pairs of valence electrons. Shared equally.

Question 23

Covalent Bond

Answer 23

Sharing of a pair of valence electrons.

Question 24

Polar Covalent Bond

Answer 24

Covalent Bond between atoms that differ in electro negativity (One negative and one positive)

Question 25

Neutrons

Answer 25

1 of 3 subatomical particles that make up an atom. NO ELECTRICAL CHARGE (Neutral)

Question 26

Proton

Answer 26

2 of 3 subatomical particles that make up an atom. POSITIVE CHARGE

Question 27

Electron

Answer 27

3 of 3 subatomical particles that make up and atom. NEGATIVE CHARGE

Question 28

Superior (cranial)

Answer 28

Closer to the head

Question 29

Inferior (caudal)

Answer 29

Closer to the feet, bottom of the body

Question 30

Anterior (ventral)

Answer 30

Toward or at the front of the body

Question 31

Posterior (dorsal)

Answer 31

Toward or at the back of the body

Question 32

Medial

Answer 32

Toward or at the midline if the body

Question 33

Lateral

Answer 33

Away from the midline if the body

Question 34

Proximal

Answer 34

Closer to the orgin of the body

Question 35

Distal

Answer 35

Farther away from the point of attachment of the trunk

Question 36

Superficial

Answer 36

Toward or at the body surface

Question 37

Deep (internal)

Answer 37

Away from the body system, more internal

Question 38

Receptor

Answer 38

1 of 3 components associated with each homeostatic systems. Detects change (stimulus) in variable (thing that is measured) may be light/temp/ph/etc

Question 39

Control center

Answer 39

2 of 3 components associated with each homeostatic systems. Interprets Input from receptor and initiates hangs through effector.

Question 40

Effector

Answer 40

3 of 3 components associated with homeostatic systems. Is the structure that brings about he change to alter the stimulus.