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Patho 2 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing

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2
Q

What is Pyrosis

A

Heart Burn

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3
Q

Chief cells

A

cells in the stomach that release pepsinogen and chymosin

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4
Q

Parietal cells

A

epithelial cells that secrete HCL and instinsic factor

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5
Q

What is Celiac Disease?

A

Inflammation and atrophy of the intestinal villi

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6
Q

Acute

A

Instantantaneous onset

Minor to severe

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7
Q

Chronic

A

Gradual onset

Mild to severe

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8
Q

Progressive

A

Steadily worsens over time

Serious

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9
Q

Gastritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach lining

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10
Q

H. Pylori

A

Bacteria in the digestive tract that can cause ulcers

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11
Q

Ascites

A

accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity

causing abdominal swelling

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12
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting of Blood

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13
Q

Hiatal Hernia

A

Portion of stomach passes through the diaphragmatic opening into thorax

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14
Q

What are the 4 types of diarrhea?

A

Osmotic
Secretory
Exudative
Increased motility

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15
Q

Which intervetion is priority for a patient with ascites?

A

Restricting Sodium

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16
Q

What is the function of gastrin?

A

Stimulates the release of histamine

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17
Q

What happens in gastrointestinal motility?

A

Segmented contractions chop and mix the chyme

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18
Q

What substance is elevated in a patient with hemochromatosis?

A

Iron

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19
Q

What Hepatitis virus needs hepatitis B?

A

Hepatitis D

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20
Q

Hepatitis A

Enteric Hepatitis

A

RNA virus

spread by fecal-oral route

21
Q

Hepatitis A incubation period?

A

2-7 weeks

22
Q

Hepatitis B

Serum Hepatitis

A

Partially double stranded DNA virus

spread by parenteral contact with infected blood / blood products

23
Q

Hepatitis B incubation period

A

2-6 months

24
Q

Hepatitis C

A

Single-stranded RNA virus

25
Q

Hepatitis C

Flavivirus

A

Single-stranded RNA virus

spread through IV drug use / blood transfusions

26
Q

Hepatitis E

A

RNA virus

Spread via fecal-oral route

27
Q

Hepatitis E incubation period

A

2-9 weeks

28
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Irreversible end stage of many different hepatic injuries

29
Q

Ulcerative Colitis

A

Chronic inflammatory disease of the mucosa of the rectum and colon

30
Q

Organs with the highest cancer rate

A
  1. skin cancer (non-melanoma)
  2. Lung cancer
  3. Breast cancer
  4. Prostate cancer
  5. Colorectal cancer
31
Q

Odynophagia

A

Pain in swallowing

32
Q

Types of pain

A

Visceral Pain
Somatic Pain
Referred Pain
Acute, chronic progressive pain

33
Q

Visceral pain

A

cannot localize

caused by tension around nerve

34
Q

Somatic pain

A

sharp intense pain

well localized

35
Q

Referred pain

A

pain felt at a different location from source

sharp and well localized

36
Q

Osmotic Diarrhea

A

Increased amounts of poorly absorbed solutes in intestine

37
Q

Secretory diarrhea

A

toxins that stimulate intestinal fluid secretion and impair absorption

38
Q

Exudative diarrhea

A

results from inflammatory processes

Mucus, blood, protein

39
Q

Motility disturbances

A

Decreased transit time f chyme with the absorptive surfaces

40
Q

Stomatitis

A

Inflammation of oral mucosa

41
Q

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

GERD

A

Backflow of gastric contents into esophagus through LES

42
Q

Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

A

Bleeding caused by tear/laceration in mucosa or submucosa of the cardia or lower esophagus

43
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Inflamation of stomach and small intestine

44
Q

Peptic ulcer disease

A

Disorders of upper GI tract caused by action of acid and pepsin

45
Q

Crohn Disease

A

chronic inflammation of all layers of intestinal wall

46
Q

Appendicitis

A

Inflammation of the vermiform appendix

47
Q

Portal Triads

A

Portal veins
Hepatic arteries
Bile Ducts

48
Q

Jaundice

A

green yellow staining of tissues by bilirubin

Patho 2 (5 decks)

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