Exam 1

Question 1

What is Dysphagia

Answer 1

Difficulty swallowing

Question 2

What is Pyrosis

Answer 2

Heart Burn

Question 3

Chief cells

Answer 3

cells in the stomach that release pepsinogen and chymosin

Question 4

Parietal cells

Answer 4

epithelial cells that secrete HCL and instinsic factor

Question 5

What is Celiac Disease?

Answer 5

Inflammation and atrophy of the intestinal villi

Question 6

Acute

Answer 6

Instantantaneous onset

Minor to severe

Question 7

Chronic

Answer 7

Gradual onset

Mild to severe

Question 8

Progressive

Answer 8

Steadily worsens over time

Serious

Question 9

Gastritis

Answer 9

Inflammation of the stomach lining

Question 10

H. Pylori

Answer 10

Bacteria in the digestive tract that can cause ulcers

Question 11

Ascites

Answer 11

accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity

causing abdominal swelling

Question 12

Hematemesis

Answer 12

Vomiting of Blood

Question 13

Hiatal Hernia

Answer 13

Portion of stomach passes through the diaphragmatic opening into thorax

Question 14

What are the 4 types of diarrhea?

Answer 14

Osmotic
Secretory
Exudative
Increased motility

Question 15

Which intervetion is priority for a patient with ascites?

Answer 15

Restricting Sodium

Question 16

What is the function of gastrin?

Answer 16

Stimulates the release of histamine

Question 17

What happens in gastrointestinal motility?

Answer 17

Segmented contractions chop and mix the chyme

Question 18

What substance is elevated in a patient with hemochromatosis?

Answer 18

Iron

Question 19

What Hepatitis virus needs hepatitis B?

Answer 19

Hepatitis D

Question 20

Hepatitis A

Enteric Hepatitis

Answer 20

RNA virus

spread by fecal-oral route

Question 21

Hepatitis A incubation period?

Answer 21

2-7 weeks

Question 22

Hepatitis B

Serum Hepatitis

Answer 22

Partially double stranded DNA virus

spread by parenteral contact with infected blood / blood products

Question 23

Hepatitis B incubation period

Answer 23

2-6 months

Question 24

Hepatitis C

Answer 24

Single-stranded RNA virus

Question 25

Hepatitis C | Flavivirus

Answer 25

Single-stranded RNA virus spread through IV drug use / blood transfusions

Question 26

Hepatitis E

Answer 26

RNA virus Spread via fecal-oral route

Question 27

Hepatitis E incubation period

Answer 27

2-9 weeks

Question 28

Cirrhosis

Answer 28

Irreversible end stage of many different hepatic injuries

Question 29

Ulcerative Colitis

Answer 29

Chronic inflammatory disease of the mucosa of the rectum and colon

Question 30

Organs with the highest cancer rate

Answer 30

1. skin cancer (non-melanoma) 2. Lung cancer 3. Breast cancer 4. Prostate cancer 5. Colorectal cancer

Question 31

Odynophagia

Answer 31

Pain in swallowing

Question 32

Types of pain

Answer 32

Visceral Pain Somatic Pain Referred Pain Acute, chronic progressive pain

Question 33

Visceral pain

Answer 33

cannot localize | caused by tension around nerve

Question 34

Somatic pain

Answer 34

sharp intense pain | well localized

Question 35

Referred pain

Answer 35

pain felt at a different location from source | sharp and well localized

Question 36

Osmotic Diarrhea

Answer 36

Increased amounts of poorly absorbed solutes in intestine

Question 37

Secretory diarrhea

Answer 37

toxins that stimulate intestinal fluid secretion and impair absorption

Question 38

Exudative diarrhea

Answer 38

results from inflammatory processes | Mucus, blood, protein

Question 39

Motility disturbances

Answer 39

Decreased transit time f chyme with the absorptive surfaces

Question 40

Stomatitis

Answer 40

Inflammation of oral mucosa

Question 41

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease | GERD

Answer 41

Backflow of gastric contents into esophagus through LES

Question 42

Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

Answer 42

Bleeding caused by tear/laceration in mucosa or submucosa of the cardia or lower esophagus

Question 43

Gastroenteritis

Answer 43

Inflamation of stomach and small intestine

Question 44

Peptic ulcer disease

Answer 44

Disorders of upper GI tract caused by action of acid and pepsin

Question 45

Crohn Disease

Answer 45

chronic inflammation of all layers of intestinal wall

Question 46

Appendicitis

Answer 46

Inflammation of the vermiform appendix

Question 47

Portal Triads

Answer 47

Portal veins Hepatic arteries Bile Ducts

Question 48

Jaundice

Answer 48

green yellow staining of tissues by bilirubin