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Biology 1083 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

The Cohesive property of water is due to what?

A

Hydrogen Bonds

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2
Q

T/F enzymes are carbohydrates that speed up reactions

A

FALSE

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3
Q

Enzymes have active sites for ______

A

substrates

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4
Q

what is protein catalysts?

A

enzymes

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5
Q

what is a reactant that is altered by an enzyme

A

substrate

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6
Q

chemical that lowers activation energy and increases rate of reaction

A

catalyst

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7
Q

absorbs/requires energy, products have more energy than reactants

A

anabolic reaction

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8
Q

releases energy, products have less energy than reactants

A

catabolic reaction

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9
Q

What affects enzyme function?

A

denaturation

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10
Q

making or breaking of chemical bonds, chemical bonds contain energy

A

chemical reaction

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11
Q

a nucleotide contains?

A

phosphate, 5-carbon sugar, nitrogeneous base

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12
Q

what are the nucleic acids

A

DNA and RNA

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13
Q

what do nucleic acids do?

A

store hereditary info

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14
Q

protein with more than 1 amino acid chain

A

quaternary protein structure

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15
Q

alpha helixes and pleated sheets attract

A

tertiary protein structure

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16
Q

what is a monomer or proteins

A

amino acids

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17
Q

the primary protein structure is also known as

A

the chain of amino acids

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18
Q

what are amino acid chains linked by H bonds, pleated sheets/alpha helixes

A

secondary protein structure

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19
Q

inserting of a water molecule to break down a polymer into monomers

A

dehydration hydrolysis

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20
Q

a reaction that removes water from molecules to build a polymer from monomers

A

dehydration synthesis

21
Q

the bond between hydrogen and oxygen that form water molecules are??

A

polar Covalent bonds

22
Q

T/F : ionic bonds share electrons between atoms

A

True

23
Q

What type of bond is C=C and how many electrons does each carbon contribute to form this bond?

A

double covalent bond and 2 electrons

24
Q

water shows high cohesive function and surface tension due to what type of bonds?

A

hydrogen bonds

25
Q

this enzyme excises thymine dimers that form from UV radiation for DNA repair

A

endonuclease

26
Q

this enzyme unwinds dan for replication

A

helicase

27
Q

this enzyme bonds okasaki fragments together

A

ligase

28
Q

Hershey and Chase showed that DNA and not proteins forms the genetic material that a virus inserts into a bacteria by radiolabeling DNA and proteins with ______

A

Radiolabeled Phosphate in DNA and Sulfur in Proteins

29
Q

The difference between heterochromatin and euchromatin is ______.

A

Euchromatin is transcribed and hetero. is not, hetero. is condensed DNA and Euch. is loosely packed

30
Q

this enzyme releases the winning stress on the DNA when the replication bubble forms

A

topoisomerase

31
Q

what is the site that holds the next tRNA with the amino acid to add

A

the A site of the ribosome

32
Q

what removes the introns from DNA

A

spliceosome

33
Q

if there is a point mutation in the DNA that results in an amino acid being changed. This would be a

A

missense mutation

34
Q

The DNA is AAT; what is the mRNA codon and anticodon on the tRNA

A

mRNA codon UUA and tRNA anticodon will be AAU

35
Q

point mutation in the DNA that results in a codon for the same amino acid as the original codon making it a protein

A

silent mutation

36
Q

a base pair is a deleted/ added and changes the reading frame of the codons

A

frameshift mutation

37
Q

The DNA is CAT; what is the anticodon on the tRNA

A

CAU

38
Q

forms the exoskeleton in anthropods

A

chitin

39
Q

Potassium has an atomic number of 19 and an atomic weight of 39. What does this mean in terms of protons, neutrons and electrons?

A

Protons: 19

electrons: 19
neutrons: 20

40
Q

what is the storage form of glucose in animals

A

glycogen

41
Q

what are disaccharides

A

sucrose and lactose

42
Q

what is a start codon

A

AUG

43
Q

A protein of 150 amino acids was formed by removing _____ water molecules in a ________ reaction.

A

149, dehydration

44
Q

what is the storage form of glucose in plants?

A

amylose (starch)

45
Q

what is a dietary fiber?

A

lactose

46
Q

You have a DNA sequence:
GAACGATACTAC
What would be the sequence of the second strand of DNA during Replication?

A

CTTGCTATGATG

47
Q

You have a DNA sequence:
GAACGATACTAC
What would be the sequence of the mRNA?

A

CUUGCUAUGAUG

48
Q

how many amino acids does DNA code for?

A

4

49
Q

Glycogen is broken down to glucose by liver cells in between meals. If glycogen consists of 200 glucose molecules. How many water molecules must be added to form the 200 glucose molecules in a ________ reaction?

A

199, hydrolysis

Biology 1083 (8 decks)

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