Exam 1 Flashcards
O2 and CO2 homeostasis
exchange O2 and CO2 between tissues, blood, and environment
Blood Gas Tension
partial pressure of gases in blood; Maintain normal PaO2, PaCO2, and pH
Larynx
valve that prevents aspiration of food and saliva into airway
What are the immediate risks of mechanical ventilation in the ICU?
ventilator assisted pneumonia (VAP), delirium, pressure ulcers, GI dysmotility, malnutrition, deconditioning, ICU-acquired weakness, joint contractures
Rapid muscle deterioration
marked atrophy and dysfunction of human diaphragm after 12- 24+ hours of MV, marked atrophy of human diaphragm after 18-69 hours of inactivity + mechanical ventilation
What are the ABCDEFs for? What are they?
Delirium Prevention and Safety A - Assess and treat pain B - Both spontaneous awakening trials (SAT) and spontaneous breathing trials (SBT) C - Choice of sedation and analgesia D - Delirium monitoring and management E - Early mobility and exercise F - Family engagement
What is PTSD associated with in the ICU?
- Recall of delusional memories
- prolonged sedation
- physical restraint without sedation
What are the differences in thoughts between patients and clinicians on treatment?
Patients would prefer to forego life-saving, highly burdensome therapies or procedures that would interfere with ability to participate in valued life activities
What is the typical sequence of an evaluation of an acute care patient?
- Chart review
- Interview + Occupational Profile
- Specific Assessment Measures (skilled observation, standardized assessments)
- Interpretation and findings
- Recommendations for intervention
What part of the brain is in charge of voluntary control of breathing?
cerebral cortex
What part of the brain is in charge of involuntary control of breathing?
brainstem, chemical receptors and mechanical receptors
Hypoxemia
describe low partial pressure in arterial blood; ABG
Hypoxia
low O2 saturation on a pulse Ox
Anoxia
absence or deficiency of oxygen reaching the tissues; severe hypoxia
