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Biology/anatomy Workbook > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

when an erethrocyte is inserted into water it will

A

swell and burst

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2
Q

le chandeliers principle states that

A

any effect applied on a system in an equilibrium state will result in a compensatory effect by the system in order to return to equilibrium

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3
Q

characteristics of a buffer solution

A

It can resist changes to PH when acid or base is added to it and it can be composed of a weak acid and it’s conjugated base

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4
Q

What is true for oxidation?

A

removal of electrons, one of the processes that contributes to bioenergetics, it is coupled to reduction

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5
Q

hydrogen bond can be formed between identical molecules of which substance ?

A

NH3

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6
Q

the 3p subshell can accommodate a maximum number of

A

6 electrons

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7
Q

the relatively high boiling point of water can be explained by what bonds ?

A

hydrogen

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8
Q

the mass of a neutron

A

Is much greater than the mass of an electron

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9
Q

cellulose and starch are similar in

A

the chemical formula of their monometric units

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10
Q

all of the following are true regarding mitochondria except

A

It is the site of protein synthesis

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11
Q

glycogen is stored in the

A

liver and striated muscles

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12
Q

the following are needed to be taken up regularly by the human body

A

essential fatty acids

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13
Q

most of the CO2 we exhale is produced in the

A

citric acid cycle

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14
Q

What is true of the cell nucleus

A

bounded by a double membrane, freely permeable to proteins, site of the replication process

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15
Q

hemoglobin is

A

protein, responsible for delivery of oxygen, found in RBC, contains iron

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16
Q

What is true for enzyme molecules

A

most are proteins, they increase velocity of chemical reaction

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17
Q

What is true concerning carbohydrates

A

can be converted into fat, glucose had 6 C atoms, starch is synthesized by plants

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18
Q

the primary structure of proteins is determined by

A

reptide bonds

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19
Q

which base is not found in DNA

A

uracil

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20
Q

hydrolysis of sucrose will yield

A

an aldehydes and ketone

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21
Q

which compounds are constituents of nucleosides

A

purine/perymadine base, and Pentose

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22
Q

which is not true concerning glycogen

A

It can be found mainly in adipose tissue

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23
Q

the secondary structure of proteins is established by

A

hydrogen bonds

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24
Q

steroid hormones are

A

lipids

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25
Q

What is true regarding amino acids

A

it contains amino and a carboxyl group

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26
Q

which of the following statements regarding enzymes ie not true

A

they increase the rate of reaction by changing the eq in the direction of products

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27
Q

phospholipids

A

are the main constituents of cellular membranes , and have polar and non polar parts

28
Q

main characteristics of glucose

A

It is the universal energy source it’s a monossacharide, and oxygen is needed for it’s complete decomposition

29
Q

What is true concerning nucleic acids

A

the total purine content of DNA is equal to the pyrimedine content

30
Q

which organelles cannot be found in all eukaryotic cells

A

chloroplast

31
Q

What is true concerning cholesterol

A

has a role in atherosclerosis, constituent of cellular membranes , precursor for steroid hormones, ampipathic, moves in blood in form of LDL and HDL

32
Q

which is true for oxidative phosphorylation (conversion of ADP into ATP while consuming oxygen)

A

takes place in the mitochondria ,produces energy,consumes oxygen

33
Q

tertiary structure of protein is determined by

A

vanderwalls bonds, H bond, hydrophobic interactions, ionic bond, disulfide bridge

34
Q

replication takes place in the _ transcription takes place in the _ and translation takes place in the _

A

nucleus , nucleus, RER or cytoplasm

35
Q

which group AA glycine belongs to

A

non polar

36
Q

microtubules compose

A

cytoskeleton, miotic spindle, cillia and flagella,

37
Q

The general mechanism of release of substances from cells is _______, and the intake of fluid droplets by a cell is ________

A

The correct answer is:Exocytosis // Pinocytosis

38
Q

The left ventricle is the strongest of the four chambers of the human heart because

A

Forces blood through the systemic circulation.

39
Q

blood pressure in human arterioles is

A

lower than in the arteries

40
Q

function of nasal epithelium

A

clean the entering air from dust

41
Q

What is reabsorbed In the kidney

A

water, glucose, amino acids , electrolytes

42
Q

which of the following structures are directly involved in the “systemic circuit”?

A

left ventricle, aorta and inferior vena cava

43
Q

the triscupid valve is normally closed

A

while ventricles are in systole

44
Q

A thrombus in the first branch off the aortic arch would affect the flow of blood to the:

Select one:

A

Right side of the head and neck, and right upper arm

45
Q

lymphatic drainage from the right foot

A

goes through the thoracic duct

46
Q

deficiency of O2 in the blood is called

A

hypoxia

47
Q

location of the liver is

A

right upper quadrant of the abdomen

48
Q

structure which separates thoraic cavity from abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm

49
Q

During inspiration, the intrathoracic pressure:

Select one:

A

The correct answer is:Becomes more negative compared to the atmospheric pressure.

50
Q

When the limb is moved towards the midline of the body, the muscular movement is called:

A

adduction

51
Q

Ulnoradial pertains to two bones of the

A

forearm

52
Q

behind the breastbone

A

retrosternal

53
Q

the efferent arteriole of the glomeruli

A

conducts blood from the glomeruli

54
Q

What is true for blood sugar level

A

It is important to be kept in a steady state, because brain needs a continuous supply of glucose.

55
Q

Which of the following body fluids do not contain sugar under physiological conditions?

Select one:

A

urine

56
Q

Which is the correct order of structure during the formation of urine?

Select one:

A

Glomerulus convulated tubules collecting tubules renalpelvis urether.

57
Q

Which statement is true about the skin?

A

a. The epidermis is composed of stratified keratinized squamus epithelium.
b. It protects the body from loss of internal fluids and from invasion by foreign microorganisms.
c. The major loss of skin (Exp. burn) can be fatal
d. The innervation of the skin is better in the palms than in the back
e. The superficial layer of it peals of all the time while the bottom layer divides to replace the missing cells.

58
Q

Active transport of substances from the blood into the nephron is called

A

tubular secretion

59
Q

Which of the following cells or substances are found in the human blood?

A

b. Immunoglobulin
c. Nucleated leukocytes

albumin

60
Q

Correct order of blood flow:

Select one:

A

left ventricle - aorta - arterioles - capillaries - venules - veins - right atrium - right ventricles pulmonary arteries - lungs - pulmonary veins left atrium - left ventricle

61
Q

During expiration, the volume of the thorax __________ as the diaphragm __________ .

Select one:

A

decreases, relaxes

62
Q

Besides lubricating the visceral and parietal pleura, pleural fluid also

A

Holds the visceral and parietal pleural membranes together

63
Q

If pH decreases or PCO2increases, the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin will:

A

decrease

64
Q

the most important factor for regulating respiratory rate is

A

CO2 level in the blood

65
Q

Which is the correct order of the filtrate flow?

A

Glomerularcapsule - PCT - loop of Henle - DCT - collecting duct

66
Q

The epithel lining the urinary bladder id called:

A

transitional epithel

Biology/anatomy Workbook (6 decks)

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