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Bio Final > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which is an example of a dehydration reaction?

A

A fatty acid bonding to glycerol as a triglyceride is made

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2
Q

What is found in olive oil?

A

Triglycerides with unsaturated fatty acids

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3
Q

What do starch and cellulose have in common?

A

Both are polysaccharides and made by plants

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4
Q

How does an atom become positively charged ion of the same element?

A

By losing an electron

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5
Q

A covalent bond is most likely to be polar when

A

One of the two atoms is much more electronegative than the other

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6
Q

Nitrogen is much more electronegative than hydrogen. Which of the following is true of ammonia?

A

Each hydrogen has a partial positive charge; the nitrogen has a partial negative charge

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7
Q

What needs to be analyzed in order to determine if J. Merrick (the elephant man) had Proteus syndrome?

A

DNA from overgrown areas of his skeleton

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8
Q

Which of the following is not true of a controlled experiment?

A

All variables are kept constant

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9
Q

An atom has 7 protons, 7 neutrons and is electrically neutral (is not charged). How many electrons are in its valence shell?

A

5

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10
Q

The surgery group lost an average of 50 pounds, and the non-surgery group lost an average of 43. What can we conclude?

A

We can’t tell until we run a statistical test

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11
Q

What is the independent variable in the weight study?

A

Bariatric surgery

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12
Q

Scientific process?

A

Make observations, ask questions, develop a hypothesis, collect and analyze data, make a conclusion

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13
Q

Which type of molecule provides the genetic instructions for all living organisms?

A

DNA

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14
Q

Which of be following is NOT a feature shared by all living organisms?

A

Made of Eukaryotic cells

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15
Q

What is the dependent variable of the weight study?

A

Weight

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16
Q

What is the control of the weight study?

A

The non surgery group

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17
Q

An atoms identity is determined by

A

The number of protons present

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18
Q

How should the data be interpreted by the graph?

A

No conclusion can be drawn until a statistical test is carried out

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19
Q

An atom has 7 protons, 7 neutrons and is electrically neutral. What is its atomic mass?

A

14

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20
Q

In the predation experiment we discussed in class, what was the independent variable?

A

Camouflage/contrast

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21
Q

“With a dramatic genetic discovery”. What type of molecule was analyzed in this study?

A

DNA

22
Q

Which of the following molecules contains one or more polar covalent bonds?

A

H2O

23
Q

Cellulose is made up of?

A

Glucose

24
Q

Which of the following is/are true of the triglycerides in butter?

A

They have saturated fatty acids

25
Q

What is a hydrolysis reaction?

A

Using water to break a bond

26
Q

The partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to a partial positive charge on another water molecule. What is this attraction called?

A

A hydrogen bond

27
Q

In Proteus syndrome experiment, what was the hypothesis being tested?

A

That a mutation was responsible for overgrowth

28
Q

A hypothesis is best described as

A

A possible explanation or answer

29
Q

Which of the following is/are true about hemoglobin?

A

It transports oxygen, contains iron, has a quaternary structure

30
Q

Which overactive and mutant protein is targeted by PLX4032?

A

BRAF

31
Q

Which interactions are primarily responsible for the primary structure of a protein?

A

Peptide bonds

32
Q

What is the purpose of a phase 1 clinical trial?

A

Safety

33
Q

Which cell type divides without regulation in melanoma?

A

Melanocytes

34
Q

Which of the following is responsible for the formation of alpha-helices?

A

Hydrogen bonds between atoms of the backbone

35
Q

A denatured protein has lost..?

A

It’s three dimensional shape, and it’s secondary and tertiary structure

36
Q

Which of the following is an avoidable risk factor for melanoma?

A

Sun exposure

37
Q

What is the sun protection factor of melanin in a tan?

A

3-5

38
Q

Which protein is secreted by the pancreas and helps regulate blood sugar?

A

Insulin

39
Q

What is extreme heat likely to do to proteins?

A

Denature them

40
Q

An alpha helix is a type of ______ structure?

A

Secondary

41
Q

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

A

The order of amino acids

42
Q

In a phase three clinical trial of a cancer drug, what is the independent variable?

A

The treatment

43
Q

What can a person do to decrease their risk of melanoma?

A

Get regular skin checks, avoid tanning beds, wear sunscreen and protective clothing

44
Q

In a phase 1 clinical trial, who gets the investigational drug?

A

Everybody

45
Q

What does PLX4032 do?

A

Inhibits mutant BRAF in melanoma cells

46
Q

In a phase three clinical trial, how are participants assigned to each group?

A

Randomly

47
Q

What is the purpose of a phase 2 clinical trial?

A

To determine whether or not a new drug works

48
Q

In a phase 3 cancer treatment trial, which group gets the placebo?

A

Neither control nor experimental

49
Q

What is the purpose of blinding in a phase 3 trial?

A

To prevent bias

50
Q

In the melanoma study, which patients have a greater response rate to PLX4032?

A

Those with earlier stages of melanoma

Bio Final (5 decks)

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