Exam 1

Question 1

Communication

Answer 1

The process through which people use messages to generate meanings within and across contexts, cultures, channels, and media

Question 2

Context

Answer 2

can be general, broad or specific

Question 3

Channels

Answer 3

how you communicate (visual or audio)

Question 4

Media

Answer 4

(face to face or on the phone)

Question 5

What are the three communication models?

Answer 5

1. Linear
2. Interactive
3. Transactional

Question 6

What is interpersonal communication?

Answer 6

Interpersonal communication is the exchange of symbols used to achieve interpersonal goals.

Question 7

four assumptions of interpersonal communication

Answer 7

1. Dyadic (in contrast to intrapersonal)
2. Transactional (in contrast to linear)
3. Dynamic (in contrast to stationary)
4. Goal-oriented (in contrast to random)

Question 8

Goal

Answer 8

Goal refers to future states of affairs that an individual is committed to achieve or maintain.

Question 9

Three types of goals

Answer 9

1. Self-representation goal
2. Relational goal
3. Instrumental goal

Question 10

Self-presentation goal

Answer 10

The information you pick to talk about yourself is selective because you want to present a specific image.

Question 11

Relational goal

Answer 11

The type of relationship you want with someone

Question 12

Instrumental goal

Answer 12

Persuasion related to these things

Question 13

Goals differ in abstractness

Answer 13

supraordinate goals
basic goals
subnordinate goals

Question 14

Supraordinate goals

Answer 14

General and inclusive

e.g., to be friendly

Question 15

Basic goals

Answer 15

motivational

e.g., to share an activity with friends

Question 16

Subordinate goals

Answer 16

very specific
e.g., to go shopping with Jenny
to go skiing with Tom

Question 17

Primary vs. Secondary Goals

Answer 17

• When we attempt to achieve any goal, we always have some concerns
• Primary goals are what people communicate, whereas secondary goals affect the way people communicate in order to obtain their primary goals

Question 18

Primary goals

Answer 18

-serve a motivational function (energize thoughts and behaviors)
-Serve a meaning function (help identify what is the exchange about)
Serve a guidance function (what to pay attention to and remember)

Question 19

Secondary goals

Answer 19

Arise in response to the consideration of a primary goal and affect the way that people communicate to achieve primary goals

• identity concerns (I don’t want to be a rude person)
• conversational management (present the convo in a nicely manner)
• relational concerns (will be friends after the conversation)

Question 20

Interpersonal communication competence

Answer 20

consistently communicating in ways that are effective, appropriate, and ethical

Question 21

Effectiveness

Answer 21

The ability to use communication to accomplish the three types of interpersonal goals (self-presentation goal, relational goal, instrumental goal)

Question 22

Appropriateness

Answer 22

The degree to which your communication matches situational, relational, and cultural expectations

Question 23

Ethics

Answer 23

The set of moral principles that guide our behavior toward others

Question 24

The standards for assessing competence

Answer 24

• adaptability
• conversational involvement
• conversational management
• empathy
• appropriateness

Question 25

Verbal Cues

Answer 25

• questions
• praise, caring and appreciation
• self disclosure
• future-oriented

Question 26

Nonverbal Cues

Answer 26

• Leaning forward
• Nodding, smiling
• Eye contact
• Sitting closer

Question 27

Cues and the standards

Answer 27

-Verbal Cues
Questions – involvement
Caring – Empathy and appropriateness
Appreciation – management
Self-disclosure – management, involvement, empathy, adaptability
Future-oriented – appropriateness, management

-Nonverbal Cues
Leaning forward – involvement
Nodding – involvement, management
Eye contact – involvement, management
Sitting closer – appropriateness and involvement