Exam 1 Flashcards
Nutrition can be categorized by the animal’s digestive tract to:
Monogastric vs ruminant nutrition
Examples of ruminant animals are:
Giraffe, Camel, Cows etc.
Nutrients that are inorganic matter are
Minerals
This is an example of a quantitative difference of nutrients in animal and plant tissues.
Carbohydrate content is greater in plant tissues than in animal tissues.
The most abundant minerals in animal tissues are:
Ca, P
NRC organized feedstuffs into 8 categories and each feedstuff has an IFN. What do NRC and IFN stand for?
National Research Council and International Feed Number.
Forages include ___ NOT ____.
Hay, Pasture, Silage.. NOT Roughage
A feedstuff with IFN 5-04-612 is __
Protein supplement
A feedstuff with 5% crude fiber and 15% crude protein belongs to which category:
Energy Feed
Concentrates are feedstuffs including:
Energy Feeds, Protein Supplements.
Wheat middlings is an example of what type of feedstuff?
Energy Feed
Which feedstuff has the highest metabolizable energy?
Corn
Phosphorus in plant tissues is largely unavailable to animals because it extensively exists in the form of:
Phytate
What part of corn kernel contains protein, oil, and phosphorus?
Germ
The state with the highest corn production is
Iowa
Current corn price is about
$4.00 / bushel
A cereal grain produced in semi-arid western regions with a potential concern of tannin is:
Sorghum
Among millfeeds, the one with the highest fiber content is:
Wheat Bran
Most popular energy feeds used in the US are:
Corn, Sorghum
A milk co-product with the highest lactose content is:
Whey Permeate
In feed mixing, a typical procedure of supplementing fat greater than 5% is:
Post-pellet spraying
A minimum supplementation level of fat used in order to control dust in feed is:
1%
Soybean meal has two grades depending on protein contents( 44% vs 48%). A difference in protein contents is mainly due to :
Amount of hulls added
A variety of rapeseed used to obtain Canola meal is:
Rapeseed 00
Which protein supplement is most adequate to feed simple stomach animals?
Canola meal
Protein supplements most adequate to feed newly weaned pigs are:
Fish meal and plasma protein
Supplemental amino acids with the greatest use (based on amount) in animal feed are:
Lys and Met
A fiber term which is defined to inclue cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin is:
Neutral detergent fiber
Cool season grass is:
C3 plants, temperate plants, grows best below 80 degrees F. Fescue, orchardgrass, timothy, and ryegrass is an example of,
Which grazing system has the greatest advantage of helping animals to utilize forage in order to prevent unbalanced consumption but has disadvantages due to increased costs of fencing and labor?
Intensive rotational grazing.
Grass tetany is due to low blood levels of:
Magnesium
A major cause of fescue toxicosis is:
Toxins from endophytes
Which layer of the intestinal wall contains blood vessels?
Submucosa
Saliva is secreted from what glands?
Sublingual, submaxillary, and parotid glands.
Which part of the stomach does NOT have mucin secretion?
Esophageal region
Which part of the stomach secretes hydrochloric acid?
Fundic region
What type of cells in the stomach secretes a zymogen called pepsinogen?
Chief cells
Teeth extensively used by herbivores are:
Premolars, molars.
The typical process of digestion includes:
Enzymatic, chemical, mechanical digestion.
What are factors that affect hay quality?
Harvest at proper stage of growth: digestibility of nutrients decrease as plan matures.
Cure properly: Should maintain 10-12% moisture.
Weather damage: rain can leach water soluble nutrients.
Improper storage: Too wet can cause moldy hay and millard reaction by microbial activity.
