Exam 1 Flashcards
Deck finished with cards from all notes. If you see anything missing, please add. Text me at 2623915540 if you have questions You all should have access to editing and adding others. edit: Fixed some minor spelling issues. Hinge and Pivot, mostly. I typed rather fast when I made these up.
What are the 4 properties of muscles?
Excitability, extensibility, elasticity, contractility
What is excitability?
Responds to chemical or electrical stimuli
What is extensibility?
The property of an object to be able to be stretched from it’s resting length
What is elasticity?
It can recoil from stretched posistion back to it’s resting length
What is contractility?
It can shorten/retract
What type of muscle fiber is usually in longitudinal types of muscle?
longer fibers
What is the epimysium?
The covering of the muscle
What is the perimysium?
The covering of a bundle of muscle fibers
What is the endomysium?
The covering of a muscle fiber
What is the Sarcolemma?
Layer surrounding a muscle fiber
What does the sarcolemma do?
Acts as the physical connection between muscle and bone. Carries electrical nerve impulses.
What is the sarcoplasm?
plasma within the sarcolemma
What are sarcomeres made of?
Myosin and Actin
What are the two types of muscle fibers?
Fast twitch and slow twitch
What are the characteristics of fast twitch muscle fibers?
Short duration, high intensity forces, larger than slow-twitch, less supply of blood, can produce 20-30% more force
What are the characteristics of slow twitch muscle fibers?
Good for endurance, more mitochondria, higher blood supply. Can produce force over a longer period of time
What is the ratio of fast twitch to slow twitch muscle fibers?
Relatively equal
Some ____ twitch fibers can switch to being ____ twitch
fast, slow
What is a narrow, cord like attachment?
tendon
What is a sheath-like attachment called?
aponeurosis
The ____ segment is usually more stabilizing. However, it depends on where the ____ of the muscle is.
proximal, insertion
Muscles that insert ____ the joint are primarily for mobility
close to
Muscles that insert _____ the joint are for stability
further from
What is muscle pull?
The force the muscle creates, and then describing the effect of that force











