Exam 1

Question 1

Algae

Answer 1

Photoautotrophic protist

Question 2

Amoebae

Answer 2

amoeboid movement (hand example)

Question 3

amoebocytes

Answer 3

distribute nutrients (sponges)

Question 4

angiosperms

Answer 4

flowering plants

Question 5

apical meristems

Answer 5

plants keep growing

Question 6

Archaea

Answer 6

Prokaryotes that live in inhospitable places

Question 7

autotroph

Answer 7

inorganic carbon source

Question 8

bilateral symmetry

Answer 8

front/back/left/right/up/down, sensory organs in anterior end

Question 9

Biofilms

Answer 9

communities of prokaryotes

Question 10

bryophytes

Answer 10

liverworts, mosses, hornworts

Question 11

Cambrian Explosion

Answer 11

caused by increase in O2, bilateral symmetry, Hox genes, predator v prey (defensive adaptations/shells)

Question 12

charophytes

Answer 12

freshwater algae

Question 13

Chemo-

Answer 13

chemical source of energy

Question 14

Choanocytes

Answer 14

Engulf food and bacteria by phagocytosis (sponges)

Question 15

Cnidarians

Answer 15

invertebrates, gastrovascular cavity, nervous system but no brain, have tissues (hydrozoans, jellies, sea anemones)

Question 16

conjugation

Answer 16

horizontal gene transfer, uses pili

Question 17

Cyanobacteria

Answer 17

preform photosynthesis with internal membranes, release O2

Question 18

ectoderm

Answer 18

skin, nervous system (germ layer)

Question 19

endoderm

Answer 19

digestive tract, lungs, liver (germ layer)

Question 20

Endospores

Answer 20

protective shell for bacteria if conditions become unfavorable

Question 21

endosymbiosis

Answer 21

cells absorbing other cells (mitochondria/chloroplasts)

Question 22

Fimbriae (short hair)

Answer 22

stick to substrate

Question 23

Flagella

Answer 23

allow for movement of

Question 24

Fungus-like

Answer 24

protist that resembles fungi, absorb nutrients

Question 25

gametophyte

Answer 25

generation that produces haploids, mitosis

Question 26

Glycocalyx

Answer 26

slimy outer layer of prokaryotes (bacteria)

Question 27

gram-negative

Answer 27

double membrane, infectious, pink/red

Question 28

gram-positive

Answer 28

single membrane, blue/purple

Question 29

gymnosperms

Answer 29

reproduce using spores and seeds

Question 30

Halophiles

Answer 30

Archaea that live in high salt concentration

Question 31

heterotroph

Answer 31

organic carbon source

Question 32

Humans

Answer 32

bipedal primates

Question 33

hydrolytic enzymes

Answer 33

uptake nutrients from environment (fungi)

Question 34

Hyperthermophiles

Answer 34

archaea that live in very high temperatures

Question 35

Hyphae

Answer 35

little stringy things on fungi

Question 36

mesoderm

Answer 36

cardiovascular system, muscles (germ layer)

Question 37

mycilium

Answer 37

all the hyphae

Question 38

mycorrhizae

Answer 38

relationship between plants and fungus

Question 39

Osculum

Answer 39

where water is "pushed" out (sponges)

Question 40

periphyton

Answer 40

attached to underwater surfaces by mucilage (protist)

Question 41

Phagocytosis

Answer 41

cells engulf and destroy foreign particles

Question 42

Phloem

Answer 42

vascular tissue (sugars and amino acids)

Question 43

Photo-

Answer 43

light as energy source

Question 44

phytoplankton

Answer 44

photosynthetic protist

Question 45

Pili (long hair)

Answer 45

prokaryotes exchange DNA

Question 46

Plankton

Answer 46

swimming protist, bacteria, viruses, and small animals

Question 47

Primates

Answer 47

binocular vision, nails, grasping hands, thumbs, larger brain, shorter jaw, complex social behavior

Question 48

Prokaryote shapes

Answer 48

Spheres(cocci) Rod(bacilli) Comma-shaped(vibrio) Spirals

Question 49

Protist (eukaryotes)

Answer 49

moist habitats, eukaryote that isn't a plant, animal, or fungi

Question 50

Protocell

Answer 50

Self-organized vesicle, contains self-replicating RNA, preform metabolism, able to grow

Question 51

Protozoa

Answer 51

heterotrophic protist

Question 52

Radial symmetry

Answer 52

no front/back/right/left, body parts radiate from central point

Question 53

Sporangia

Answer 53

area in plants where spores are made

Question 54

Spores

Answer 54

formed by meiosis, haploid

Question 55

sporophyte

Answer 55

generation that produces diploids, meiosis

Question 56

sporopollenin

Answer 56

prevents zygotes from drying out (plant)

Question 57

Stromatolites

Answer 57

layers of cyanobacteria shows changes over time

Question 58

Three domains of Life

Answer 58

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya (Archaea are more similar to Ekarya than bacteria)

Question 59

Thylakoids

Answer 59

internal membranes of cyanobacteria, allow for photosynthesis

Question 60

tissues

Answer 60

specialized cells that act as functional unit

Question 61

Transduction

Answer 61

Horizontal gene transfer, transfer DNA by viruses that infect bacteria

Question 62

Transformation

Answer 62

horizontal gene transfer, absorb DNA from environment

Question 63

Xylem

Answer 63

vascular tissue (water and minerals)