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Microbiology Final > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Transferring electrons between proteins in the mitochondrial membrane is a type of?

A

Redox reaction

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2
Q

Pathogenic staphylococci can be differentiated by plating on blood agar plates. What allows you to tell them apart?

A

The extent of hemolysis

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3
Q

What might a pathogen use to attach to host cells?

A

Pili or fimbriae

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4
Q

Ocean viruses contribute to carbon cycling by … ocean bacteria and algae.

A

Lysing

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5
Q

What can ‘fix’ carbon and increase biomass?

A

Corn field

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6
Q

… phage genes code for proteins that take over host functions. … phage genes include structural components of the virus.

A

Early, late

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7
Q

A community of bacteria which coordinate their activities to colonize a surface is called?

A

Biofilm

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8
Q

Lactose intolerance in humans can be explained by the lack a … necessary to split a …

A

Enzyme, disaccharide

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9
Q

Vaccination was invented by British doctor in 18th century London.

A

False

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10
Q

A streak plate is used to isolate single colonies form a mixture of bacteria. The equivalent technique when working with viruses is called?

A

Plaque assay

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11
Q

Living genetically modified humans walk the earth

A

True

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12
Q

What is not a natural polymer?

A

Glucose

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13
Q

Most bacteria from environmental samples can be cultured in the lab.

A

False

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14
Q

Animal viruses are capable of Lysogeny

A

True

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15
Q

All of life can be sorted into three domains. The best evidence for this comes from?

A

rRNA sequence analysis

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16
Q

What is an emerging disease in our area?

A

No correct answer

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17
Q

According to out present understanding, mitochondria and chloroplasts are of … origin.

A

Bacterial

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18
Q

In bacteria and mitochondria, a concentration of protons builds on one side of a … . These protons can only travel through a channel in a protein called … which functions as a turbine to make …

A

Membrane, ATPase, ATP

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19
Q

You have streaked single colonies a sample from a dead animal. The results show several different types of colonies. The result indicates … and … clearly indicate a cause of the animals death.

A

Mixed population, does not

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20
Q

Small pox has killed hundreds of millions of people since there have been humans. Smallpox infections no longer occur on earth due to vaccination.

A

True, true

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21
Q

Endoscope production is a bacterial response to rapid environmental change.

A

True

22
Q

Recent increases in whooping cough are due to?

A

Antivaxxers, changes in bacteria, weakened vaccine immunity

23
Q

Enveloped viruses code for their own envelope

A

False

24
Q

Gram negative bacteria have an outer membrane, a portion of which is toxic to humans and causes fever. This molecule is made of?

A

Sugar and lipid

25
Q

ATP synthase runs backwards and will consume ATP.

A

True

26
Q

Magnetosomes are … structures used by some bacteria to …

A

Iron, escape oxygen

27
Q

The Calvin cycle is the process which plants use to … and …

A

Fix CO2, build biomass

28
Q

Suppose you treat an exponentially growing culture of bacteria with a potential anti microbial compound. Over the next few hours cell doubling stops but the cells remain metabolically active. This antimicrobial compound is?

A

Bacteriostatic

29
Q

Minimum inhibitory concentration refers to the minimum …

A

Amount of a chemical required to kill all microorganisms

30
Q

Electrons captured form the breaking of glucose in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells are carried to the … by …

A

Mitochondria, NADH

31
Q

Persistent HPV infection requires viral integration in superficial/surface epithelial layers

A

False

32
Q

Where in liquid culture would you find an anaerobic bacterium

A

At the bottom of the tube

33
Q

Hydrothermal vent tube worms contain … bacterial, which in turn obtain … from the worms blood stream

A

Chemolithotrophic, oxygen

34
Q

You were doing a gram staining and forgot to counter stain with safranin. This would prevent you from identifying a gram positive bacteria.

A

False

35
Q

One reason there are far fewer antiviral drugs is …

A

Viruses use host processes to multiply

36
Q

Cellular respiration requires … which is used to collect/neutralize … in mitochondria

A

Oxygen, electrons

37
Q

Human pathogenic bacteria are …

A

Mesophiles

38
Q

Pasteurization is now a common procedure to ensure food safety. Pasteurs flasks disproved …

A

Bad air causes disease

39
Q

These microorganisms use inorganic compounds like hydrogen sulfide as their energy source

A

Chemolithotrophs

40
Q

This protein is made by bacteriophage and humans

A

Lysosome

41
Q

Lysogenic bacteria exposed to UV will?

A

Accumulate DNA damage, accumulate maturing bacteriophage, die

42
Q

Glycolysis is a series of … leading to … molecules

A

Enzymatic reactions, three carbon

43
Q

Tamiflu prevents influenza virus from binding to host cells

A

False

44
Q

These microorganisms use light as their energy source

A

Phototrophs

45
Q

The terms run and tumble are used to describe?

A

Movement of bacteria

46
Q

Water is a waste product of cellular respiration.

A

True

47
Q

Robert Koch is best known for a set of rules he created, now commonly referred to as Koch’s postulates. What is the purpose?

A

They help to determine is a particular infectious agent causes a specific disease

48
Q

Three options by which an organism may obtain energy are: light, organic molecules and …

A

Inorganic molecules

49
Q

Sugars are used by living systems for …

A

Energy storage and building materials

50
Q

Enveloped viruses contain genes for their own plasma membrane.

A

False

Microbiology Final (4 decks)

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