Exam 1 Flashcards
Transferring electrons between proteins in the mitochondrial membrane is a type of?
Redox reaction
Pathogenic staphylococci can be differentiated by plating on blood agar plates. What allows you to tell them apart?
The extent of hemolysis
What might a pathogen use to attach to host cells?
Pili or fimbriae
Ocean viruses contribute to carbon cycling by … ocean bacteria and algae.
Lysing
What can ‘fix’ carbon and increase biomass?
Corn field
… phage genes code for proteins that take over host functions. … phage genes include structural components of the virus.
Early, late
A community of bacteria which coordinate their activities to colonize a surface is called?
Biofilm
Lactose intolerance in humans can be explained by the lack a … necessary to split a …
Enzyme, disaccharide
Vaccination was invented by British doctor in 18th century London.
False
A streak plate is used to isolate single colonies form a mixture of bacteria. The equivalent technique when working with viruses is called?
Plaque assay
Living genetically modified humans walk the earth
True
What is not a natural polymer?
Glucose
Most bacteria from environmental samples can be cultured in the lab.
False
Animal viruses are capable of Lysogeny
True
All of life can be sorted into three domains. The best evidence for this comes from?
rRNA sequence analysis
What is an emerging disease in our area?
No correct answer
According to out present understanding, mitochondria and chloroplasts are of … origin.
Bacterial
In bacteria and mitochondria, a concentration of protons builds on one side of a … . These protons can only travel through a channel in a protein called … which functions as a turbine to make …
Membrane, ATPase, ATP
You have streaked single colonies a sample from a dead animal. The results show several different types of colonies. The result indicates … and … clearly indicate a cause of the animals death.
Mixed population, does not
Small pox has killed hundreds of millions of people since there have been humans. Smallpox infections no longer occur on earth due to vaccination.
True, true
Endoscope production is a bacterial response to rapid environmental change.
True
Recent increases in whooping cough are due to?
Antivaxxers, changes in bacteria, weakened vaccine immunity
Enveloped viruses code for their own envelope
False
Gram negative bacteria have an outer membrane, a portion of which is toxic to humans and causes fever. This molecule is made of?
Sugar and lipid
ATP synthase runs backwards and will consume ATP.
True
Magnetosomes are … structures used by some bacteria to …
Iron, escape oxygen
The Calvin cycle is the process which plants use to … and …
Fix CO2, build biomass
Suppose you treat an exponentially growing culture of bacteria with a potential anti microbial compound. Over the next few hours cell doubling stops but the cells remain metabolically active. This antimicrobial compound is?
Bacteriostatic
Minimum inhibitory concentration refers to the minimum …
Amount of a chemical required to kill all microorganisms
Electrons captured form the breaking of glucose in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells are carried to the … by …
Mitochondria, NADH
Persistent HPV infection requires viral integration in superficial/surface epithelial layers
False
Where in liquid culture would you find an anaerobic bacterium
At the bottom of the tube
Hydrothermal vent tube worms contain … bacterial, which in turn obtain … from the worms blood stream
Chemolithotrophic, oxygen
You were doing a gram staining and forgot to counter stain with safranin. This would prevent you from identifying a gram positive bacteria.
False
One reason there are far fewer antiviral drugs is …
Viruses use host processes to multiply
Cellular respiration requires … which is used to collect/neutralize … in mitochondria
Oxygen, electrons
Human pathogenic bacteria are …
Mesophiles
Pasteurization is now a common procedure to ensure food safety. Pasteurs flasks disproved …
Bad air causes disease
These microorganisms use inorganic compounds like hydrogen sulfide as their energy source
Chemolithotrophs
This protein is made by bacteriophage and humans
Lysosome
Lysogenic bacteria exposed to UV will?
Accumulate DNA damage, accumulate maturing bacteriophage, die
Glycolysis is a series of … leading to … molecules
Enzymatic reactions, three carbon
Tamiflu prevents influenza virus from binding to host cells
False
These microorganisms use light as their energy source
Phototrophs
The terms run and tumble are used to describe?
Movement of bacteria
Water is a waste product of cellular respiration.
True
Robert Koch is best known for a set of rules he created, now commonly referred to as Koch’s postulates. What is the purpose?
They help to determine is a particular infectious agent causes a specific disease
Three options by which an organism may obtain energy are: light, organic molecules and …
Inorganic molecules
Sugars are used by living systems for …
Energy storage and building materials
Enveloped viruses contain genes for their own plasma membrane.
False
