exam 1

Question 1

a(n) _____ consists of all living or nonliving things in an area

Answer 1

ecosystem

Question 2

a(n)_____ is an interacting group of various species in a common location

Answer 2

community

Question 3

a(n) _____ is a group of individuals of one species inhabiting an area with the potential to interbreed

Answer 3

population

Question 4

a scientific test done under controlled conditions, where few variables are changed while the others stay constant

Answer 4

controlled experiment

Question 5

what causes surface tension to form?

Answer 5

the cohesion of water molecules to each other

Question 6

all lipids are _____

Answer 6

hydrophobic

Question 7

enzymes are a type of _____

Answer 7

protein

Question 8

fire can move, grow, reproduce, use energy, consume oxygen, and interact with its environment. why is it not alive?

Answer 8

it does not pass on genes for traits to its offspring, it does not have cells, it does not consist of complex, well ordered structures

Question 9

_____ is defined through a set of shared characteristics that all living things display

Answer 9

life

Question 10

oil hydrogenation can produce a product, such as vegetable shortening or margarine, that is spreadable at room temperature because of an unusual bond that does not occur naturally, What is the name of this category of lipid?

Answer 10

trans fat

Question 11

organic compounds are distinguished by molecules that contain _____ bonded to other elements

Answer 11

carbon

Question 12

transport, catalyze reactions via enzymes, and movement are functions of what molecule

Answer 12

proteins

Question 13

what does the pH scale measure

Answer 13

the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Question 14

skin consists of multiple tissue types that cooperate to perform a specific task is why it’s considered a(n) _____

Answer 14

organ

Question 15

a reaction in which one molecule breaks apart to form multiple smaller molecules

Answer 15

hydrolysis reaction

Question 16

a reaction that forms a larger molecule from smaller units

Answer 16

dehydration synthesis reaction

Question 17

what determines a protein’s shape

Answer 17

the sequence of amino acids

Question 18

water is the least dense when it _____

Answer 18

is at room temperature

Question 19

what are the four classes of large organic molecules important to life on Earth

Answer 19

carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids

Question 20

what are the monomers of proteins

Answer 20

amino acids

Question 21

what do we call the sum total of all the chemical reactions that take place in your body?

Answer 21

metabolism

Question 22

what is the basic structure of triglyceride?

Answer 22

a glycerol head and three fatty acid tails

Question 23

what is the smallest unit of life

Answer 23

a cell

Question 24

what kind of bond joins amino acids together to form a protein?

Answer 24

peptide bond

Question 25

what is the correct organizational hierarchy from largest to smallest of the order of life

Answer 25

ecosystem —> community —> population —> organ —> tissue —> cell —> molecule —> atom

Question 26

what large organic molecules include table sugar

Answer 26

nucleic acids

Question 27

what molecule is solid at room temp

Answer 27

saturated fats

Question 28

life is based on _____ molecules because a single _____ can bond with up to four other atoms

Answer 28

carbon- based

Question 29

_____ is the polysaccharide most commonly found in highly fibrous foods such as celery

Answer 29

cellulose