Exam 1 Flashcards
If a drug is a Teratogenic it:
Is known to induce birth defects
The pharmacokinetic principle of absorption refers to the:
Movement of a drug from site of administration to the bloodstream
T/F: Pharmacodynamics is the process by which a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body.
False
What is a desired outcome when a drug is described as easy to administer?
It enhances patient adherence to the drug regimen
A nurse is giving an enteral medication. The patient asks why this method is preferable for this drug. How will the nurse reply?
“This route is safer, less expensive, and more convenient.”
A patient is receiving intravenous gentamicin. A serum drug test reveals toxic levels. The dosing is correct and this medication has been tolerated by this patient in the past. Which could be a probable cause of the test result?
The patient is taking another medication that binds to serum albumin
What occurs when a drug binds to a receptor in the body?
It increases or decreases the activity of the receptor.
First pass effect is the:
Ability of the liver to inactivate certain oral drugs after being absorbed.
With repeated dosing of a drug, plateau or “steady state” is reached in approximately _______ half-lives.
4-5
Antagonists produce their effects by:
Preventing receptor activation by endogenous regulatory molecules and drugs.
What are considered the “Big Three” properties of an ideal drug?
Effectiveness
Safety
Selectivity
The nurse is teaching a patient how a medication works to treat an illness. To do this the nurse will rely on knowledge of which topic?
Pharmacotherapeutics
A post operative patient is being discharged how with acetaminophen/hydrocodone [Norco] for pain. The patient asks the nurse about using Tylenol for fever. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
Taking two medications together poses a risk of toxicity
The nurse is preparing to care for a patient who will be taking an antihypertensive medication. Which action by the nurse is parr of the assessment step of the nursing process?
Questioning the patient about over the counter medications
A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medical record before administering a medication. Which factors can alter the patient’s physiologic response to the drug?
Gender
Genetic factors
Age
The nurse is teaching a patient about home administration of insulin to treat diabetes mellitus. As part of the teaching the patient and nurse identify goals to maintain specific blood glucose ranges. This represents which aspect of the nursing process?
Planning
A postoperative patient has orders for morphine sulfate 1 to 2 mg IV every 1 hour PRN for several pain and acetaminophen-hydrocodone [Norco] 5 mg PO every 4 to 6 hours PRN for moderate pain. The patient reports pain at a level 8 on a scale of 1-10, with 10 being the worst pain. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?
Administer morphine sulfate 2 mig IV and evaluate the patient’s pain in 15 to 30 minutes.
An adult male patient is 1 days postoperative from a total hip replacement. On a scale of 0 to 10 with 10 being the greatest pain the patient reports a pain level of 10. Which medication would be most appropriate for the nurse to administer to this patient?
6 mg morphine sulfate intravenously
2 gm TID
200 mg three times a day
2 mg/kg dose for patient weighting 52.8 pounds
48 mg
Time spacing for BID
12 hours apart
1.7 L
1700 mL
Which two groups of people are especially sensitive to medication effects?
Older adults
Infants
Which cellular change is caused by a deduction in functional demand?
Atrophy
