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Childrens-Redman > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is expected of a 6 month old?

A

rolls from back to front

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2
Q

when can car seat face forward?

A

after the toddler turns 2 and exceeds manufacturer height recommendation

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3
Q

which activity is appropriate for a 4 year old following a femur fracture?

A

crayons and coloring book

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4
Q

what 2 findings are expected of a 4 month old?

A
  • positive babinski reflex (until 12 months)
  • able to hold head erect
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5
Q

what should the nurse say for a mom of a 3 year old who has temper tantrums constantly?

A

set limits regarding expected behavior

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6
Q

what should the nurse include when planning care for an 18 month old?

A

encourage/allow child to feed themselves

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7
Q

which is normal langauge development of a 6 month old?

A

babbling

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8
Q

what age is cooing expected?

A

3 months?

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9
Q

what type of play is expected for a 4 yr old?

A

sharing toys but doing their own thing

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10
Q

what should the nurse do if a 2 yr old has an open anterior fontanelle?

A

notify the provider

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11
Q

which anatomical feature predisposes infants to ear infections?

A

eustachian tubes (they are more horizontal)

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12
Q

what is the best method for performing a physical exam on a toddler?

A

from least to most invasive

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13
Q

what are 3 common stressors of hospitalization for a toddler?

A
  • sleep disturbances
  • fear of being hurt
  • interrupted routine
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14
Q

which ericksons stage of development is a preschoolder in?

A

initiative vs guilt

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15
Q

what is animism?

A

all innanimate objects have life and spirit (toy story)

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16
Q

what age should all baby teeth be in?

A

age 3

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17
Q

how long does the anterior fontanelle remain open?

A

12-18 months

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18
Q

when does the posterior fontanelle close?

A

6-8 weeks age

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19
Q

what may be indicated by a dipped in fontanelle?

A

dehydration

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20
Q

what may be indicated by a protruding fontanelle?

A

increased ICP

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21
Q

what is the palmar reflex?

A

fingers grip around your finger when touching the palm

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22
Q

which reflexes causes infant to place arms in the air with palms up in response to loud noise?

A

moro reflex

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23
Q

what is the babinski sign?

A
  • bottom of foot is stroked from heel upward along outward part of the foot (big toe dorsiflexes and other toes fan out)
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24
Q

what is expected of respiratory rate as infant age increases?

A

decrease RR

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25
Q

what is expected of BP as infant ages?

A

BP increases

26
Q

what is expected of HR as infant ages?

A

HR decreases

27
Q

how many teeth are expected by the end of the 1st year?

A

6-8 teeth

28
Q

at what age should infant be able to hold head erect?

A

4 months

29
Q

what fine motor skills are expected by 6 months?

A
  • roll form back to front
  • holds bottle
30
Q

when is expected that infant can sit unsupported?

A

9 months

31
Q

what age is a crude pincer grasp, and creeping on hands and feet expected?

A

9 months

32
Q

what are expected fine motor milestones of a 12 month old?

A

-sit down from standing
- walks with one hand/own
- attempts 2 block tower

33
Q

what is the first form of communication?

A

crying

34
Q

what age is cooing?

A

3 months

35
Q

what language development is expected by 12 months?

A

*3-5 words with meaning

  • understands simple commands
  • recognizes words for common items
36
Q

which erikson stage develops from birth- 1 yr?

A

trust vs mistrust

37
Q

when does the piaget sensorimotor stage occur?

A

birth- 2 yr

38
Q

what major tasks are developed during the piaget sensorimotor stage?

A
  • separation
  • object permanence
  • mental representation
39
Q

which task of the piaget sensorimotor stage is characterized by an awareness of objects still existing even after they have left the visual field?

A

object permanence

40
Q

what is the primary form of play for an infant?

A

solitary play (not sharing, short attention spans)

41
Q

how often should new foods be introduced when baby is progressed to solid foods? why?

A

3-5 days
allergies

42
Q

what sequence should solid foods be introduced?

A
  1. thin cereal/oatmeal
  2. vegetables
  3. fruit
43
Q

how long should infant be in the backseat of a vehicle rear-facing?

A

until 2 years or the manufacturer recommended height

44
Q

which erikson theory of development occurs in toddlers?

A

autonomy vs shame and doubt

45
Q

what are the 3 characteristics of the autonomy vs shame & doubt stage of Erikson’s theory of development that occurs in toddlers?

A
  • independence
  • negativism
    -ritualism
46
Q

which piaget theory of learning occurs around age 2 (toddlers)?

A

preoperational

47
Q

what are some examples of telegraphic speech that occurs in toddlers?

A
  • cat sit
  • more cookie
  • mommy sleep
48
Q

what type of play occurs in toddlers?

A

parallel play (observe others and engage in play nearby)
- don’t like sharing

49
Q

are temper tantrums an age appropriate behavior for toddlers?

A

yes
- occur due ti frustration w/restriction on their independance

50
Q

what behavior trait may occur during times of high stress?

A

regression
(begin wetting the bed during hospitalization)

51
Q

what type of deficiency is common in toddlers?

A

iron deficiency
(due to picky eating and weaning from formula)
- cows milk is poor replacement due to low iron content

52
Q

what are food jags?

A

preferring certain foods for time period and then not wanting them at all for a period following

53
Q

at what age should all baby teeth be present?

A

30 months

54
Q

who should be contacted prior to implementing any intervention following a child swallowing a toxin?

A

poison control

55
Q

what organ system change promotes potty training in toddlers?

A

myelination of brain and spinal cord, allowing sphincter control

56
Q

what do the eustachian tubes of a toddler do?

A

shorten and straighten

57
Q

what is the average UOP (urine output) for a toddler?

A

1 mL/kg/hr

58
Q

why are toddlers at an increased risk for UTI?

A

short urethras

59
Q

what gives toddlers the characteristic stance (swayback and potbelly)?

A

weak lower back and abdominal muscles

60
Q

what is an age appropriate behavior seen in toddlers as a result of frustration caused by restrictions on their independence?

A

temper tantrums

61
Q

what aggressive behaviors are expected are expected for toddlers?

A

push, hitting, biting, and taking other childrens toys

62
Q
A

Childrens-Redman (4 decks)

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