Exam 1 Flashcards

Question 1

Q

preconceptual visit components (6)

Answer

A

*reproductive planning
*fertility assurance
*identification of problems
*medication review
*labs
*pap smear

Question 2

Q

preconceptual health history components (8)

Answer

A

*demographics
*chief concern
*past medical hx
*past surgical hx
*family hx
*social hx
*gynecology hx / obstetric hx (GTPAL)
*ROS

Question 3

Q

Naegele’s rule for estimating due date (4 steps)

Answer

A

1) begin on the first day of the last menstrual period
2) subtract 3 months
3) add 7 days
4) add 1 year

Question 4

Q

GTPAL

Answer

A

*Gravida (how many pregnancies including current pregnancy)
*Term (how many deliveries)
*Preterm (how many preterm deliveries) >20 weeks, <37 weeks
*Abortions (how many abortions (spontaneous or induced) pregnancy < 20weeks
*Living (how many children currently living)

Question 5

Q

Para

Answer

A

of pregnancies that have reached viability, regardless of whether the infants were born alive

Question 6

Q

Gravida

Answer

A

a person who is or has been pregnant

Question 7

Q

Primigravida

Answer

A

a person who is pregnant for the first time

Question 8

Q

Primipara

Answer

A

a person who has given birth to one child past age of viability

Question 9

Q

multigravida

Answer

A

a person who has given birth past the age of viability previously

Question 10

Q

Grand multipara

Answer

A

person who has carried five or more pregnancies to viability

Question 11

Q

multipara

Answer

A

person who has carried two or more pregnancies to viability

Question 12

Q

nulligravida

Answer

A

person who has never been and is not currently pregnant

Question 13

Q

Pelvic exam

Answer

A

*pap smear (if age appropriate)
*HPV culture
*chlamydia
*gonorrhea
*pelvic measurements

Question 14

Q

Labs for prenantal visit

Answer

A

*Blood (CBC, serum syphilis test, blood type and Rh, MSAFP (maternal serum alpha fetoprotein), PAPP-A (pregnancy assessment plasma protein-A), antibody titer against Rh, hep B (and C?), rubella, varicella, HIV
*Urinalysis (clean catch for glucose, protein, and culture)
*TB
*ultrasound to date pregnancy or confirm fetal health if date of last menstrual period unknown

Question 15

Q

obstetric hx risk factors (9)

Answer

A

*existing uterine or cervical anomaly
*hx of subfertility, recurrent miscarriages, grand multiparity
*last pregnancy less than 1 year previous
*hx of abnormal Pap smear
*previous premature cervical dilation, preterm labor, preterm birth, low-birth-weight infant, or cesarean birth
*previous macrosomic infant or multiple gestation
*Previous abnormal gestational trophoblastic disease
*Previous ectopic pregnancy or stillborn/neonatal death
*previous infant with neurologic deficit, birth injury, or congenital anomaly

Question 16

Q

past illness hx risk factors (8)

Answer

A

*Chronic disease: diabetes, heart disease, renal disease, chronic HTN
*emotional disorder or cognitive challenge
*family hx of severe inherited d/o
*fibroid tumors or previous surgeries on reproductive organs
*maternal reproductive tract anomalies or malignancy
*Seizure d/o
*STI (sexually transmitted infections)
*surgery required during pregnancy

Question 17

Q

Current obstetric status risk factors (11)

Answer

A

*abnormal fetal surveillance tests
*abnormal presentation: fetal version necessary
*premature separation of the placenta or placenta previa
*cervical cerclage
*limited prenatal care
*maternal weight loss or gain <10 lbs.
*multiple gestation or hydramnios (excessive amniotic fluid)
*gestational HTN or preclampsia
*Premature rupture of membranes or preterm labor
*Rh sensitization
*STI (sexually transmitted infections)

Question 18

Q

Psychosocial prenatal risk factors (5)

Answer

A

*attempt or ideation of self-injury
*dangerous occupation
*lack of support people
*inadequate finances, nutrition, or housing
*lack of acceptance of pregnanacy

Question 19

Q

Demographic / lifestyle neonatal risk factors (6)

Answer

A

*maternal age under 16 or over 40
*alcohol use during pregnancy
*smoking greater than 10 cigarettes/day or living with a person who smokes that much
*heavy lifting or long periods of standing
*recreational drug use
*unusual stress

Question 20

Q

s/s to report immediately in pregnancy (12)

Answer

A

*vaginal bleeding
*persistent vomiting
*chills and fever
*escape of fluid from vagina
*abdominal or chest pain
*epigastric pain
*swelling of face and fingers
*vision changes or continuous headache
*rhythmic cramping
*burning with urination
*decrease in fetal movement
*uterine contractions before 37 weeks pregnant

Question 21

Q

infant milestone at 2 months

Answer

A

lifts head off mattress when prone

Question 22

Q

infant milestone at 3 months

Answer

A

cooing noises

Question 23

Q

infant milestone at 5 months

Answer

A

uses palmar grasp dominantly

Question 24

Q

infant milestone at 6 months (2)

Answer

A

*rolls back to front
*holds bottle

Question 25

Q

infant milestone at 8 months
(2)

Answer

A

*sits unsupported
*uses pincer grasp

Question 26

Q

infant milestone at 11 months

Answer

A

starts cruising

Question 27

Q

physical development: compare weight from birth to 5/6 months

Question 28

Q

physical development: compare weight from birth to 12 months

Question 29

Q

how many teeth by age 1?

Question 30

Q

Piaget sensorimotor 0-2 yrs (4)

Answer

A

*learn by movements they make and resulting sensation
*object permanence (9-10 months)
*separation: self vs. environment
*mental representation (use symbols)

Question 31

Q

Language development: first verbal communication

Question 32

Q

Language development: 2 months

Answer

A

single vowel sounds

Question 33

Q

Language development: 3-4 months

Answer

A

coos; consonant sounds added

Question 34

Q

Language development: 9 months

Answer

A

understands “no”

Question 35

Q

Language development: 1 year

Answer

A

3-5 words, using one word sentences

Question 36

Q

why painful procedures should be minimized with infants

Answer

A

to not interfere with infant developing a sense of trust

Question 37

Q

infant max NPO status time

Answer

A

6 hrs max

Question 38

Q

after painful or upsetting procedures

Answer

A

comfort infant

Question 39

Q

Erikson: Trust vs Mistrust

Answer

A

*trust developed by meeting their needs (comfort, feeding, stimulation)
*mistrust develops if those needs not met adequately or inconsistently

Question 40

Q

Erikson: social development (3)

Answer

A

*babies bond with parents within first month
*separation anxiety 4-8 months
*stranger danger 6-8 months

Question 41

Q

Infant Assessment: when to take temperature

Answer

A

end of assessment

Question 42

Q

Infant Assessment: pulse (2)

Answer

A

*apical pulse
*listen for full minute

Question 43

Q

Infant Assessment: repiratory rate (2)

Answer

A

*listen for full minute
*listen when baby is quiet

Question 44

Q

Infant Assessment: BP (3)

Answer

A

*do at end of assessment
*obtain in lower legs
*in hospital, get BP on all patients; in PCP office, only get BP if over 3 years old

Question 45

Q

Infant Assessment: order to perform assessment components

Answer

A

least invasive to most invasive

Question 46

Q

what does FLACC stand for?

Answer

A

*Face
*Legs
*Activity
*Cry
*Consolability

Question 47

Q

How to score FLACC?

Answer

A

each letter is scored from 0 (no sign of pain) to 2 (obviously in pain/upset), then totaled

Question 48

Q

How to admin PO meds to infant

Answer

A

offer small amounts via oral syringe to the side of the mouth/cheek

Question 49

Q

how to admin rectal meds to infant

Answer

A

*use lubricant
*hold buttocks closed for 10-15 seconds after
*ideal route if NPO or vomiting

Question 50

Q

how to admin IM meds to infant or pre-ambulatory toddlers

Answer

A

vastus lateralis (outside of mid thigh)

Question 51

Q

age for each DTAP dose

Answer

A

*2 months
*4 months
*6 months

Question 52

Q

age for polio vaccine doses

Answer

A

*2 months
*4months
*6-15 months

Question 53

Q

COVID-19 vaccine minimum age

Question 54

Q

flu vaccine minimum age

Question 55

Q

MMR vaccine minimum age

Question 56

Q

varicella vaccine minimum age

Question 57

Q

2 month milestones: social (4)

Answer

A

*calms when spooken to or picked up
*looks at your face
*seems happy to see you when you walk up
*smiles when you talk to her or smile at her

Question 58

Q

2 month milestones: language (2)

Answer

A

*makes sounds other than crying
*reacts to loud sounds

Question 59

Q

2 month milestones: cognitive (2)

Answer

A

*watches you as you move
*looks at toys for several seconds

Question 60

Q

2 month milestones: physical dev. (3)

Answer

A

*holds head up when on tummy
*moves both arms and legs
*opens hands briefly

Question 61

Q

4 month milestones: social (3)

Answer

A

*smiles to get attention
*chuckles when you try to make them laugh
*looks at you, moves, or makes sounds to try to get your attention

Question 62

Q

4 month milestones: communication (3)

Answer

A

*coos (ooohs, aahhs)
*makes sounds back when you talk to them
*turns head towards the sound of your voice

Question 63

Q

4 month milestones: cognitive (2)

Answer

A

*if hungry, opens mouth when they see breast or bottle
*looks at their hands with interest

Question 64

Q

4 month milestones: physical (5)

Answer

A

*holds head steady w/out support
*holds a toy when you put it in their hand
*swings arm at toys
*brings hands to mouth
*pushes up onto elbows/forearms when on stomach

Answer 57

A

*knows familiar people
*likes to look in mirror at self
*laughs

Answer 58

A

*takes turns making sounds
*blows raspberries
*makes squealing noises

Answer 59

A

*puts things in their mouth to explore them
*reaches to grab a toy they want
*close lips to show they don’t want more food

Answer 60

A

*rolls from tummy to back
*pushes up with straight arms when on tummy
*leans on hands to support self when sitting

Answer 61

A

*Is shy, clingy, or fearful around strangers
*Shows several facial expressions, like happy, sad, angry, and surprised
*Looks when you call her name
*Reacts when you leave (looks, reaches for you, or cries)
*Smiles or laughs when you play peek-a-boo

Answer 62

A

*Makes a lot of different sounds like “mamamama” and “bababababa”
*Lifts arms up to be picked up

Answer 63

A

*Looks for objects when dropped out of sight (like his spoon or toy)
*Bangs two things together

Answer 64

A

*Gets to a sitting position by herself
*Moves things from one hand to her other hand
*Uses fingers to “rake” food towards himself
*Sits without support

Answer 65

A

Plays games with you, like pat-a-cake

Answer 66

A

*Waves “bye-bye”
*Calls a parent “mama” or “dada” or another special name
*Understands “no” (pauses briefly or stops when you say it)

Answer 67

A

*Puts something in a container, like a block in a cup
*Looks for things he sees you hide, like a toy under a blanket

Answer 68

A

*Pulls up to stand
*Walks, holding on to furniture
*Drinks from a cup without a lid, as you hold it
*Picks things up between thumb and pointer finger, like small bits of food

Answer 69

A

*Copies other children while playing, like taking toys out of a container when another child does
*Shows you an object she likes
*Claps when excited
*Hugs stuffed doll or other toy
*Shows you affection (hugs, cuddles, or kisses you)

Answer 70

A

*Tries to say one or two words besides “mama” or “dada,” like “ba” for ball or “da” for dog
*Looks at a familiar object when you name it
*Follows directions given with both a gesture and words. For example, he gives you a toy when you hold out your hand and say, “Give me the toy.”
*Points to ask for something or to get help

Answer 71

A

*Tries to use things the right way, like a phone, cup, or book
*Stacks at least two small objects, like blocks

Answer 72

A

*Takes a few steps on his own
*Uses fingers to feed herself some food

Answer 73

A

*Moves away from you, but looks to make sure you are close by
*Points to show you something interesting
*Puts hands out for you to wash them
*Looks at a few pages in a book with you
*Helps you dress him by pushing arm through sleeve or lifting up foot

Answer 74

A

*Tries to say three or more words besides “mama” or “dada”
*Follows one-step directions without any gestures, like giving you the toy when you say, “Give it to me.”

Answer 75

A

*Copies you doing chores, like sweeping with a broom
*Plays with toys in a simple way, like pushing a toy car

Answer 76

A

*Walks without holding on to anyone or anything
*Scribbles
*Drinks from a cup without a lid and may spill sometimes
*Feeds himself with his fingers
*Tries to use a spoon
*Climbs on and off a couch or chair without help

Answer 77

A

*Notices when others are hurt or upset, like pausing or looking sad when someone is crying
*Looks at your face to see how to react in a new situation

Answer 78

A

*Points to things in a book when you ask, like “Where is the bear?”
*Says at least two words together, like “More milk.”
*Points to at least two body parts when you ask him to show you
*Uses more gestures than just waving and pointing, like blowing a kiss or nodding yes

Answer 79

A

*Holds something in one hand while using the other hand; for example, holding a container and taking the lid off
*Tries to use switches, knobs, or buttons on a toy
*Plays with more than one toy at the same time, like putting toy food on a toy plate

Answer 80

A

*Kicks a ball
*Runs
*Walks (not climbs) up a few stairs with or without help
*Eats with a spoon

Answer 81

A

*Plays next to other children and sometimes plays with them
*Shows you what she can do by saying, “Look at me!”
*Follows simple routines when told, like helping to pick up toys when you say, “It’s clean-up time.”

Answer 82

A

*Says about 50 words
*Says two or more words together, with one action word, like “Doggie run”
*Names things in a book when you point and ask, “What is this?”
*Says words like “I,” “me,” or “we”

Answer 83

A

*Says about 50 words
*Says two or more words together, with one action word, like “Doggie run”
*Names things in a book when you point and ask, “What is this?”
*Says words like “I,” “me,” or “we”

Answer 84

A

*Uses things to pretend, like feeding a block to a doll as if it were food
*Shows simple problem-solving skills, like standing on a small stool to reach something
*Follows two-step instructions like “Put the toy down and close the door.”
*Shows he knows at least one color, like pointing to a red crayon when you ask, “Which one is red?”

Answer 85

A

*Calms down within 10 minutes after you leave her, like at a childcare drop off x icon
*Notices other children and joins them to play

Answer 86

A

*Talks with you in conversation using at least two back-and-forth exchanges
*Asks “who,” “what,” “where,” or “why” questions, like “Where is mommy/daddy?”
*Says what action is happening in a picture or book when asked, like “running,” “eating,” or “playing”
*Says first name, when asked
Talks well enough for others to understand, most of the time

Answer 87

A

*Draws a circle, when you show him how
*Avoids touching hot objects, like a stove, when you warn her

Answer 88

A

*Strings items together, like large beads or macaroni
*Puts on some clothes by himself, like loose pants or a jacket
*Uses a fork

Answer 89

A

*Pretends to be something else during play (teacher, superhero, dog)
*Asks to go play with children if none are around, like “Can I play with Alex?”
*Comforts others who are hurt or sad, like hugging a crying friend
*Avoids danger, like not jumping from tall heights at the playground
*Likes to be a “helper”
*Changes behavior based on where she is (place of worship, library, playground)

Answer 90

A

*Says sentences with four or more words
*Says some words from a song, story, or nursery rhyme
*Talks about at least one thing that happened during her day, like “I played soccer.”
*Answers simple questions like “What is a coat for?” or “What is a crayon for?”

Answer 91

A

*Names a few colors of items
*Tells what comes next in a well-known story
*Draws a person with three or more body parts

Answer 92

A

*Catches a large ball most of the time
*Serves herself food or pours water, with adult supervision
*Unbuttons some buttons
*Holds crayon or pencil between fingers and thumb (not a fist)

Answer 93

A

*Follows rules or takes turns when playing games with other children
*Sings, dances, or acts for you
*Does simple chores at home, like matching socks or clearing the table after eating

Answer 94

A

*Tells a story she heard or made up with at least two events. For example, a cat was stuck in a tree and a firefighter saved it
*Answers simple questions about a book or story after you read or tell it to him
*Keeps a conversation going with more than three back-and-forth exchanges
*Uses or recognizes simple rhymes (bat-cat, ball-tall)

Answer 95

A

*Counts to 10
*Names some numbers between 1 and 5 when you point to them
*Uses words about time, like “yesterday,” “tomorrow,” “morning,” or “night”
*Pays attention for 5 to 10 minutes during activities. For example, during story time or making arts and crafts (screen time does not count)
*Writes some letters in her name
*Names some letters when you point to them

Answer 96

A

*Buttons some buttons
*Hops on one foot

Answer 97

A

 Show’s “Startle Reflex”
 Shows “Stepping Reflex”
 Shows “Rooting Reflex”
 Shows strong suck and gag reflex
 Stares at surroundings
 Notices faces and bright objects but only if in line of vision
 Kicks vigorously
 Vigorous head turning
 Head lags
 Hand often goes to mouth
 Turns from side to back

Answer 98

A

 Utters throaty noises
 Responds to human face
 Cry is strong when hungry or uncomfortable
 Gurgles in response to human voice
 Begins to smile at 6 to 8 weeks in response to
environmental stimulation or human face
 Cries as a means to obtain social stimulation; has a
special cry for hunger, pain, etc.
 Movement of eyes, respiratory rate and activity level change with new sounds
 Begins to follow objects
 Smiles in response to another’s smile
 Responds differently to familiar versus unfamiliar
voices; angry versus friendly tones
 Babbles

Answer 99

A

 Music boxes, soft radio, singing, rocking
 Mobiles with large and bright colored objects
 Human faces
 Being held, rocked, cuddled
 Starts to hold small rattle
 Increases putting objects in mouth

Answer 100

A

 Will bear weight on legs
 Engages hands in midline
 Will begin to reach for and grasp objects
 Transfers objects from hand to hand
 Sits with support to sitting without support by 6
months
 Holds head steady when in sitting position
 When on abdomen, can lift shoulders off mat; can lift
head and look about

Answer 101

A

 Laughs aloud
 Babbles, coos, and gurgles when talked to
 Has expressive noises
 Turns to source of sound
 Looks at objects in hand

Answer 102

A

 Baby responds to and enjoys increased contact with
family members
 Free motor play
 Soft, large toys
 Plastic rings, blocks, keys
 Spoons, pots, pans
“Banging toys”

Answer 103

A

 Rolls from back to stomach
 Gets feet to mouth
 Plays with feet
 Sits alone, unsupported, for extended period of time
(over 1 minute)
 Beginning attempts to crawl or creep
 Bears fraction of weight on feet when held in standing
position
 Bangs with object held in hand

Answer 104

A

 Responds to name
 Has single consonants (da-da ba-ba)
 Like to make sounds with keys
 Imitates sounds
 Vocalizes attitudes

Answer 105

A

 Has increased period of play
 Push and pull toys
 Busy boxes
 Manipulative toys
 Banging objects

Answer 106

A

 Stranger fear and separation anxiety begin
 Physical demonstration of frustration begins
 Smiles to mirror image
 Bites and chews toys
 Beginning to enjoy peekaboo

Answer 107

A

 Crawls well
 Can sit steadily for more than 10 minutes
 Stands holding onto furniture
 Pulls self upright in crib
 Uses index finger and thumb to hold objects
 Good hand/mouth coordination
 Sits down from standing position
 Stoops and recovers independently

Answer 108

A

 Understands “no”
 Shakes head for “no”
 Responds to own name
 Begins to wave bye-bye
 Initiates communication by reaching out arms to be
picked up
 Uses mama or dada, first inappropriately, then with
meaning
 Vocabulary of 1 to 3 words
 Speech development may slow when walking begins
 Shows emotions such as jealousy, affections, anger
 Follows simple directions that are given with gestures
 Begins to recognize own body parts

Answer 109

A

 Has increased periods of play activity
 Brightly colored objects
 Push, pull, and pounding toys
 Water play
 Repetitive activities (peekaboo, pat-a-cake)
 Demonstrates object permanence

Answer 110

A

 Very aware of social environment
 Resists toy withdrawal
 Responds to adult anger
 Cries when scolded
 Shows fear of strangers and separation anxiety
 Waves goodbye
 Cooperates in games
 Concerned only with self (egocentric)

Answer 111

A

 Walks alone
 Creeps up stairs
 Throws a ball
 Climbs onto furniture
 Seats self on chair
 Can get to standing position alone
 May begin running
 Builds tower with three or more blocks
 Pulls toys

Answer 112

A

 Knows 3-20 words
 Imitates some words
 Often points to desired objects to communicate wants
 Recognizes many objects when they are named
 Responds to simple commands such as “Give
me_____ (named object)”
 “Jabbers” excessively
 Shakes and nods head to yes and no questions
 Imitates environmental sounds (car, bark of a dog)

Answer 113

A

 Has increased periods of play activities
 Play is generally solitary
 Responds to and enjoys contact with family members,
being the center of attention, and exploring the
environment
 Looking at pictures and turning the pages of books
 Riding toys
 Outdoor activities
 Scribbling
 Repetitive songs and poems

Answer 114

A

 Concerned only with self
 May indicate when diaper is wet
 Imitates simple acts
 Understands names of toys or people
 Cooperates in dressing
 Holds own bottle or cup
 Shows or offers toys
 Attention span is short from one thing to another
 Responds to simple demands without gestures
attached

Answer 115

A

 Walks up and down stairs with one hand held; begins
to alternate feet
 Runs
 Kicks a ball
 Builds a tower of eight blocks or more
 Scribbles and imitates circular strokes and vertical
lines
 Jumps in place and from low objects
 Stands on one foot with hand held
 Turns pages of a book
 Handles cup quite well

Answer 116

A

 Talks in two-word combinations
 Points correctly to parts of body
 Response to “where” questions by pointing
 Verbalizes needs
 Uses pronouns “mine” or “me”
 Uses jargon and true words to tell about experiences

Answer 117

A

 Responds to and enjoys parallel play
 Toys that make noises
 Favorite dolls and toys
 Listening to stories and looking at books
 Water play
 Riding toys, tricycles
 Large puzzles
 Pouring from one container to another
 Sand box play
 Climbing and jumping

Answer 118

A

 Obeys simple commands
 Fears parents’ leaving
 Has a favorite toys or object for bed
 Has many demands before bed
 May become less compliant
 May display temper tantrums
 Removes one piece of clothing

Answer 119

A

 Jumps in place and from low objects
 Walks on tiptoes
 Stands on one foot
 Throw objects overhand
 Uses scissors
 Learning to copy a circle, square, and cross
 Pours liquid from a pitcher
 Jumps and climbs well
 Can go up and down stairs without using railing
 Skips on alternate feet
 Can hop well
 Catches a bounced ball

Answer 120

A

 Follows two step commands
 Identifies “big” and “little”
 Regularly relates experiences from the recent past
 Can answer “how much” and “how many”
 Uses past tense
 Can answer more abstract questions
 Begins to tell stories about pictures
 Can name colors (4 years old)
 Can count to five
 Comprehends opposites
 Very talkative (5 years old)
 Knows the days of the week (5 years old)
 Communicates in connected sentences that are
appropriately sequenced (4 years

Answer 121

A

 Uses play to learn, express self and work out fears
 Cooperative play (sharing by age 3 to 4 years old)
 Riding toys, tricycles; outdoor play
 Coloring cutting, scribbling, and painting
 Matches and sings
 Enjoys rhymes and riddles
 Pretends
 Devises new games and new rules

Answer 122

A

 Temper tantrums and negative behavior may continue
 Has routine behaviors established
 Limited understanding of time
 Begins asking about sex differences by age 4
 Separated from parents easily
 Knows own age
 May have imaginary playmate
 Exaggerates, boasts, and tattles
 Begins school
 Can accept directions from adults other than parent
 Think of death as reversible

Answer 123

A

 Toileting; by 30 to 36 months may take responsibility
of toileting self; by age 4 completely independent
 Feeds self well
 Undresses self with some supervision
 Can put shoes on and attempt to tie
 Can fasten buttons on front of clothes
 Can brush own teeth

Answer 124

A

 Balance improving
 Climbs, skips, hops and gallops well
 Appears to be in constant motion
 Learning to skate
 May be able to ride a bicycle
 Can throw and catch
 Fine motor control improved
 Draws human figure with 6 parts
 By 8 years, begins cursive writing
 Movements are smoother, more graceful and
perfected
 Movements less coordinated during rapid growth
spurt periods (especially in males)

Answer 125

A

 Uses language correctly
 Begins reading and writing
 Begins adding and subtracting
 Defines words
 Understands “yesterday,” “today,” and “tomorrow”
 Tells time by the hour
 Gives own address
 Can make up simple stories
 Begins multiplying and dividing
 Tells time correctly
 Can verbalize feelings
 Understand humor

Answer 126

A

 Plays with peers of same sex
 Plays board games
 Competitive play
 Arts and crafts
 Books and stories
 May be interested in the mastery of a particular sport
or skill
 Enjoys staying overnight at a friend’s house
 Interacts with peer of both sexes (10-12 years)
 Experiments with appearance and clothing
 Radios, music, stereos

Answer 127

A

 May act silly
 Teases
 Tells jokes and riddles
 Is cooperative member of the family
 Attention span is lengthening
 Has increased interest in religion
 Has personified concept of death
 Seeks out heroes and role models
 Increased need for privacy, independence
 Needs to know how things work
 Learns by doing
 Begins separation from family
 Understand past, present, and future
 Understand death as permanent
 Appearance more important (10-12 years)
 May worry and exhibit nervous behavior
 Easily influenced by activities of peer group

Answer 128

A

 May learn to tie shoes (6-8 years)
 Able to take care of personal hygiene with minimal
assistance
 May have little tasks to do around the house (7-8
years)
 Accepts responsibility for care of pets (8-10 years)
 Searches for independence but continues to be
dependent on other at times

Answer 129

A

 Able to understand abstract ideas and theories
 Able to interpret social class and emotional state of
the sender from verbal and nonverbal cues
 Able to gain and maintain the attention of others in
socially acceptable ways
 Near adult cognition
 Capable of logical thought
 Communicates clearly and effectively

Answer 130

A

 Talking and socializing with peers in person or on the
phone
 Sports events and extracurricular activities
 Reading teen, fashion, sports magazines
 Shopping, “hanging out” (15-19 years)
 Driving cars, motorcycles
 Dating
 Music and dancing

Answer 131

A

 Interested in peers of both sexes
 Beginning interest in dating
 Peer group extremely influential in decision making
 Intense concern over physical appearance
 Need for privacy continues
 Aware of events in nation and world
 Able to think realistically about future and career (15-
19 years)
 May question authority figures

Answer 132

A

 Interested in making independent choices
 Beginning responsibility for odd jobs outside of
home to earn money
 Able to enter work force (15-19 years)

Answer 133

A

Pressure from peers encourages actions against own better judgement
May feel pressure to become sexually active
May be encouraged to use cigarettes, alcohol, or drugs
May be overly daring with groups or peers

Answer 134

A

implantation to 5-8 weeks

Answer 135

A

5-8 weeks until term

Answer 136

A

earliest age fetus could survive if born, usually about 24 weeks

Answer 137

A

O2, CO2, Na+, Cl-

Answer 138

A

*essential amino acids
*water-soluble vitamins

Answer 139

A

*gamma globulins
*lipoproteins
*phospholipids
*viruses

Answer 140

A

50 mL/min

Answer 141

A

500-600 Ml/min

Answer 142

A

ensures corpus luteum production of estrogen and progesterone

Answer 143

A

estriol:
*mammary gland development
*uterine growth

Answer 144

A

*maintains endometrial lining
*decreases contractility of uterine muscle

Answer 145

A

*growth promotion
*lactogenic properties

Answer 146

A

last menstrual period (LMP)-13 weeks 6 days

Answer 147

A

27 weeks 6 days

Answer 148

A

28 weeks - delivery

Answer 149

A

37 weeks and up

Answer 150

A

20 weeks - 27 weeks 6 days

Answer 151

A

pregnancy ends before 20 weeks

Answer 152

A

Living children they birthed

Answer 153

A

no hot tubs or saunas

Answer 154

A

supportive bra, wash w/ warm water only

Answer 155

A

routine cleaning recommended, but provider should be consulted about any procedures

Answer 156

A

change pads frequently

Answer 157

A

*airplane travel should stop after 34 weeks
*get up and mve every hour on flight

Answer 158

A

discharge is very common, wear pads

Answer 159

A

not restrictive

Answer 160

A

clots more likely

Answer 161

A

modified Sims position

Answer 162

A

*muscular / skeletal discomforts
*headache
*dypsnea
*ankle edema
*Braxton Hicks Contractions (practice contractions that do not dilate cervix)

Answer 163

A

*breast tenderness
*palmar erythema
*GI symptoms
*fatigue
*muscle cramps
*vital signs changes
*varicosities / hemorrhoids
*frequent urination
*adbominal discomfort
*leukorrhea

Answer 164

A

*radiation
*smoking
*drugs

Answer 165

A

*pregnant people should not change cat litter
*must wash hands while cooking

Answer 166

A

*herpes family
*concern in daycare workers

Answer 167

A

herpes infection in baby during delivery

Answer 168

A

TDAP (recommended during pregnancy)
COVID
Flu

Answer 169

A

live vaccines

Answer 170

A

cannot be given during pregnancy

Answer 171

A

BMI<18.5; gain 28-40 lbs.

Answer 172

A

BMI 18.5-24.9 gain 25-35 lbs.

Answer 173

A

BMI>25, gain 15-25

Answer 174

A

avoid high mercury fish

Answer 175

A

-vitmain D deficit in pregnancy can lead to speech/lang deficits in child
-normal levels of vitamin A only
-folic acid: 400-1000 mcg (most important in first 12 weeks; if trying to get pregnant or of reproductive age, should take
-daily prenatal vitamin

Answer 176

A

500-600 grams

Answer 177

A

8-10 days after fertilization

Answer 178

A

intravillous space

Answer 179

A

maternal left lateral position

Answer 180

A

pain: Face Legs Arms Cry Consumption rate

Answer 181

A

posterior 1-2 months; anterior 12-18 months

Answer 182

A

dehydrated

Answer 183

A

increased intracranial pressure

Answer 184

A

8-10 months

Answer 185

A

congenital defect w/ hole between L ventricle and R ventricle; causes R ventricular hypertrophy and increased pressure in pulmonary artery; lungs get more fluid; often fixes self if small; if large need

Answer 186

A

<90 in infants < in children

Answer 187

A

same time on empty stomach; do not readminister, even if thrown up

Answer 188

A

similar issue to VSD, but atria instead of ventricles

Answer 189

A

also left to right shunting like ASD and VSD; medicated with indomethacin (constricts blood vessel to close shunt

Answer 190

A

ASD, VSD, PDA; all involve blood that is still oxygenated leaving the heart for the body

Answer 191

A

the five Ts; deoxygenated blood is sent from the heart to the body

Answer 192

A

cyanotic and lethargic; treat by bringing knees to chest; fixed with multiple surgeries; baseline O2 could be in 70s or 80s

Answer 193

A

elbow restraint

Answer 194

A

no meconium in first few days because stool unable to move through

Answer 195

A

2 surgeries:
-temporary colostomy
-colon reconnected healthy ends, resect portion of colon without ganglionic cells

Answer 196

A

bring baby to hospital; (possible pyloric stenosis); key word was projectile vomit instead of normal vomiting;

Answer 197

A

*MSAFP screen
*hCG
*Unconjugated estriol

*inhibin A if quad screen

Answer 198

A

*Low MSAFP and estriol
*hCG and inhibin A high

Answer 199

A

high MSAFP

Answer 200

A

15bpm for at least 15 seconds

Answer 201

A

at least 2 accelerations in 20 minutes

Answer 202

A

less than 2 accelerations; can be non-concerning if fetus is sleeping

Answer 203

A

pt. presses button when feels movements over 20 min

Answer 204

A

biophysical profile

Answer 205

A

non-stress test
amniotic fluid volume
fetal breathing movement
gross body movement
fetal tone

Answer 206

A

ultrasound

Answer 207

A

*0-2 each item
*8-10 total normal
*6 is equivocal; delivery ay be indicated
*4 is abnormal; delivery may be indicated
*2 is emergency; immediate intervention needed (C-section)

Answer 208

A

*positive there is a deceleration, which is bad; usually indivicates delivery
*negative means there was no deceleration, which is good

Answer 209

A

*estrogen, then
*ovulation, then
*progesterone (alphabetical)

Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Exam 1 Flashcards

Brainscape's Knowledge Genome^TM