Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

child development > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an experimental research design?

A

a researcher manipulates or controls one thing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the (3) elements of experimental research design?

A

IV, DV, control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is correlational research design?

A

measures how things naturally occur (no manipulation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is qualitative research?

A

interviews and observations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is one con of qualitative research?

A

may not be super generalizeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

longitudial research

A

one person… im in it for the long haul!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cross-sectional

A

multiple ages compared at once

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is correlation coefficient?

A

measures how closely variables are related

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Effect size

A

measures how much more effective one intervention is than another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Reliability

A

reliability is repeadtedly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

validity

A

degree to which assessment measures what it is intended to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

genotype

A

the genes in you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

phenotype

A

observable characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is myelination?

A

neurons are coated with this and it allows messages to travel further and faster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is synaptogensis?

A

extreme over production of synapses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is synaptic pruning

A

brain basically gets rid of information that isn’t needed… aka loss of synapses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the limbic system

A

the reward center of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

hippocampus

A

memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

cingulate gyrus

A

involved in problem solving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

amygdala

A

emotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

motor development

A

changes in control and proficiency in movement… changes in fine and gross motor skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

shared environment

A

factors that make (siblings) similar to each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

non shared environment

A

factors that make (siblings) different from eachother

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is brain plasticity?

A

brains ability to rewire itself

25
Q

Information Processing Model

A

a model of cognition that focuses on how children acquire, store, and use knowledge….explains how learners use information

26
Q

One characteristic of behaviorism is an emphasis on…

A

observable events

27
Q

Dependent variable

A

what is being measured

28
Q

Independent Variable

A

what is manipulated, what is changed

29
Q

what is another name for the independent variable in a research study?

A

explanatory variable (explains what happens)

30
Q

Relative to other types of research studies, longitudinal studies have a higher risk of…..

A

attrition

31
Q

what is not typically associated with puberty?

A

reduction in activity level

32
Q

A substance taken by a pregnant mother that can permanently damage an embryo’s growth is called…

A

teratogen

33
Q

What theorists that we learned about have the strongest maturationist views?

A

Arnold Gesell

34
Q

what is the term for something whose removal increases the probability of a behavior?

A

negative reinforcement

35
Q

What is not an example of Constructivist instruction?

A

direct instruction

36
Q

Maturationist

A

idea that waiting for a child to mature biologically is the logical answer

37
Q

Heritability Estimate

A

amount of variation that is due to genes

38
Q

What does prefrontal cortex do?

A

directs activity in other parts of brain… important in working memory and emotions

39
Q

What is behaviorism

A

the scientific study of observable behavior… believe that behavior is learned

40
Q

what is classical conditioning

A

creating situations that result in learning

41
Q

is classical conditioning voluntary or involuntary

A

involuntary

42
Q

who is main person with classical conditioning

A

pavlov (dogs) and Watson (Albert)

43
Q

who is main person associated with behaviorism?

A

John Watson

44
Q

what is operant conditioning

A

learning behavior through consequences

45
Q

is operant conditioning voluntary or involuntary?

A

voluntary

46
Q

what is shaping

A

basically just baby steps and lots of instructions

47
Q

what conditioning is shaping part of?

A

operant conditioning

48
Q

Explain constructivism theory

A

knowledge must be constructed by learner… cannot place knowledge into someones head

49
Q

what is object permanence

A

the knowledge that objects that are out of view continue to exist

50
Q

how much help each kid needs for each lesson is…

A

Zone Proximal Development

51
Q

Private Speech

A

talking to ones self

52
Q

What is social learning theory?

A

model behavior

53
Q

what experiment is famous for SLT

A

bandura bobo doll

54
Q

Long term memory

A

relatively permanent storage of information

55
Q

working memory

A

where items are temporarily held for encoding or processing

56
Q

Executive functions

A

the brains control of its own information processing

57
Q

Scaffolding

A

basically getting help from masters

58
Q
A

child development (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions