Exam 1

Question 1

Anteversion

Answer 1

Excessive rotation forward of a structure (femoral anteversion-toes in)

Question 2

Retroversion

Answer 2

Excessive rotation backward of a structure (femoral retroversion-toes out)

Question 3

Kyphosis

Answer 3

Increased curving of the spine backward (hunchback)

Question 4

Lordosis

Answer 4

Increased curving of the spine forward (pregnant back)

Question 5

Scoliosis

Answer 5

Lateral curvature of the spine

Question 6

Recurvatum

Answer 6

Bending backward (knee hyperextension)

Question 7

Valgus

Answer 7

Outward angulation of a bone or joint (knock-knees)

Question 8

Varus

Answer 8

Inward angulation of a bone or joint (bowlegs)

Question 9

What axis correlates with the sagittal plane?

Answer 9

Mediolateral axis (elbow flexion)

Question 10

What axis correlates with the frontal plane?

Answer 10

Anteroposterior axis (arm adduction and abduction)

Question 11

What axis correlates with the transverse plane?

Answer 11

Longitudinal axis (twisting at hips)

Question 12

Number of bones in axial skeleton?

Answer 12

80 bones

Question 13

Number of bones in appendicular skeleton?

Answer 13

126 bones

Question 14

Total # of bones in body?

Answer 14

206 bones

Question 15

Types of bones

Answer 15

Long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid

Question 16

Skeletal functions

Answer 16

Protection, support, movement, mineral storage and hemopoisesis

Question 17

What is Wolff’s law?

Answer 17

The bone’s adapting to stress

Question 18

Functional types of joint

Answer 18

Synarthrodial, amphiarthroadial, diarthrodial

Question 19

Amphiarthrodial joint types.

Answer 19

Symphysis and syndesmosis

Question 20

Types of diarthrodial Joints (synovial joints)

Answer 20

Gliding, hinge, ball and socket, pivot, condyloid, saddle.

Question 21

Davis’ Law

Answer 21

The soft tissue’s adapting to stress

Question 22

What affects total stability and mobility of a joint?

Answer 22

Bones, cartilage, ligaments, muscles and proprioception.

Question 23

What do ligaments connect?

Answer 23

Bone to bone

Question 24

What do tendons connect?

Answer 24

Muscle to bone

Question 25

2 types of muscle fiber arrangements?

Answer 25

Parallel and pennate

Question 26

Shapes of parallel muscles

Answer 26

Flat (thin and broad-rectus abdominus), fusiform (central belly tapers to two tendons-biceps brachii), strap (long same shape-sartorius), radiate (broad end that tapers to tendon-pec major) and sphincter (circular “endless” strap muscle-orbicular oris)

Question 27

Arrangement of pennate muscle fibers

Answer 27

Unipennate-run obliquely from a tendon on one side (bicep femoris), Bipennate-runs obliquely from a tendon on both sides (rectus femoris, Multipennate-several tendons with fibers that run between them (deltoid)