Exam #02 - Narcolepsy Flashcards
This condition is characterized by muscle weakness in response to emotional stimuli (ex humor, terror, etc.) and is often seen in patients with narcolepsy?
Cataplexy
True or False - narcolepsy may be due to an autoimmune condition in which hypocretin/orexin producing neurons are destroyed?
True
All of the following are true except:
A. orexin A and orexin B peptides are made from a single gene
B. Orexin A binds to OXR-1 and OXR-2 while Orexin B binds to only OXR-2 receptors
C. Lack of OXR-1 and OXR-2 leads to narcolepsy
D. patients with narcolepsy have low levels of orexin
E. Loss of orexin neurons has no effect on wakefulness regulation
(E) - Loss of orexin neurons means the body can’t make orexin peptides which means the body can no longer regulate wakefulness
Which of the following statements are true regarding the Tx of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) with stimulants:
A. Provigil ® and Nuvigil ® are effective
B. stimulants strongly bind to DA transporter
C. prescribed for shift work sleep disorder
D. A & C
E. all of the above
(D)
Stimulants have very WEAK binding to DA transporter
Modafinil (Provigil ®) and Armodafinil (Nuvigil ®) are stimulants used to treat EDS
True or False - narcolepsy can be treated with methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine (stimulants)?
True
Methylphenidate (Ritalin ® or Concerta ®)
Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine ® or Dextrostat ®)
Why are antidepressants not a first choice drug to treat narcolepsy?
B/c they interfere with REM sleep
Which SNRI is used to treat narcolepsy?
Venlafaxine (Effexor ®)
Which drug for the treatment of narcolepsy acts by stimulating GABA-B receptors increasing slow wave sleep?
Sodium oxybate (Xyrem ®) - hypnotic with abuse potential and possible OD with alcohol
Which hypnotic drug that is a dual orexin 1 & 2 antagonist with a non-GABA mechanism is in clinical development for the treatment of insomnia?
Suvorexant
