Exam #01e - GOUT

Question 1

This condition is defined as precipitation of uric acid in tissues and joints?

Answer 1

Gout

Question 2

Uric acid is a product of BLANK metabolism?

Answer 2

purine metabolism

Question 3

What (2) conditions must be met for a patient to have uric acid crystalize in joints causing gout?

Answer 3

1. concentration of uric acid must be high enough

2. pH must be low enough

Question 4

True or False - usually most uric acid is reabsorbed by the kidneys?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Name (2) general causes of hyperuricemia?

Answer 5

1. increased uric acid production

2. decreased renal clearance

Question 6

True or False - hyperuricemia is only a problem if uric acid starts to precipitate?

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What are the (3) treatment strategies of gout?

Answer 7

1. reduce inflammation and pain during acute attack
2. increase renal excretion
3. decrease uric acid production

Question 8

What (4) medications can be given to reduce inflammation and pain of acute gout attack?

Answer 8

1. NSAIDs
2. analgesics (pain only)
3. glucocorticoids (intra-articular)
4. colchicine

Question 9

Why wouldn’t APAP be a good drug to treat acute gout attack?

Answer 9

It has no anti-inflammatory activity

Question 10

What (2) drugs are given to treat gout by increasing renal excretion of uric acid by competing with uric acid for reabsorption in kidney PCT?

Answer 10

1. probenecid

2. sulfinpyrazone

Question 11

What (2) drugs are given as prophylaxis for gout to decrease production of uric acid?

Answer 11

1. allopurinol

2. febuxostat

Question 12

Which (2) drugs are xanthine oxidase inhibitors?

Answer 12

1. allopurinol

2. febuxostat

Question 13

What are drugs that accelerate renal excretion of uric acid called? Give (2) examples?

Answer 13

Uricosurics

1. probenecid
2. sulfinpyrazone