Ex. 7 The Evolution of Land Plants 1

Question 1

name the 5 distinct plant groups

Answer 1

bryophytes (mosses)
lycophytes (club mosses)
pteridophytes (ferns)
gymnosperms (conifers)
angiosperms (flowering plants)

Question 2

in gymnosperms and angiosperms, the _____ are completely dependent upon the ___ organism for their existence

Answer 2

haploid gametes

diploid organism

Question 3

hat is “alternation of generations”?

Answer 3

happens in plants species where both the haploid and diploid phases of the life cycle are multicellular

Question 4

is sporophyte haploid or diploid?

Answer 4

diploid

Question 5

is gametophyte haploid or diploid?

Answer 5

haploid

Question 6

what are the 3 types of bryophytes?

Answer 6

liverworts, mosses, hornworts

Question 7

do bryophytes have vascular tissue?

Answer 7

-no vascular tissue
-they lack lignin
they have rhizoids instead of roots (rootlike, cannot penetrate soil)

Question 8

in bryophytes, the ____ parts are above ground and the _____ parts are below ground

Answer 8

photosynthetic = above
non photosynthetic = below
must be close together because there is no vascular tissue to transport nutrients and minerals

Question 9

briefly describe the life cycle of the alternation of generations

Answer 9

zygote 2N (mitosis) –> sporophyte 2N (meiosis) –> spores N (mitosis) gametophyte N (mitosis) –> gametes (fertilization) —> zygote 2N

Question 10

how do you distinguish male from female gametophytes?

Answer 10

if it has sporangia growing on it = female
male = dark and dense looking, shorter “hat”
female = longer, looks like a ponytail, can sometimes see eggs

Question 11

antheridia

Answer 11

place where sperm are stored (male)

Question 12

archegonium

Answer 12

place where eggs are stored (female)

Question 13

what is the dominant generation in mosses?

Answer 13

gametophyte (haploid)

Question 14

when a spore germinates, what does it become initially?

Answer 14

haploid gametophytes (sperm and egg)