Evolutionary Trees Part 2 Flashcards
what is likelihood
the probability of data given a tree, its branch lengths, and model of evolution
what is branch and bound
it eliminates groups of trees from consideration upon discovering that all their members are worse than the best tree found so far
what is heuristic searches
look for trees superior to the current leader by rearranging the leader in various ways and evaluating the results
what is bootstrapping
the generation of artificial data sets by random sampling, with replacement, from the actual data sets given an idea of how much the results might change if the study were replicated many times
what is posterior probability
the probability of the tree given the data
what is prior probability
the probability we assigned to the tree before taking into account the data
what is Bayesian phylogeny inference
an approach to phylogeny inference based on computing the probability that a particular tree is correct, given a specific model of evolution for the characters being analyzed and the data observed
what is clade credibility
in Bayesian phylogeny inference, the sun of the posterior probabilities of all the possible phylogenies in which a clade appears. Less precisely, the probability, given the data, that a hypothesized clade is real
What are SINEs and LINEs
short or long interspersed elements
what is molecular clock
the hypothesis that base substitutions accumulate in populations in a clock like fashion; that is, as a linear function of time
what is biogeography
the effort to understand where organisms live and how they came to be there
what is phylogeography
to study the origin and radiation of human populations elsewhere
