Evolution, types and skin

Question 1

Hot blooded horses
(Arabians)
What makes them classified as hot blooded?

Answer 1

• designed for good heat dissipation
• thin skin blood vessels close to skin
• short muzzle wide nostrils
• lively& flighty

Question 2

Name in order the evolution

Answer 2

Eohippus
Mesohippus
Merychippus
Pliohippus
Equus

Question 3

What classifies cold blooded horses as such?

Answer 3

• designed to preserve body heat
• thick skin deep blood vessels
• small nostrils, long muzzles
• laid back attitude

Question 4

What are warm blooded horses?

Answer 4

Have a combo of hot&cold genetics

• effects how they act
• more adaptable to climate change

Question 5

Four main types of of functions

Answer 5

• Draft type( clysdale)
• Carriage horses ( hackney, welsh cob)
• Race horses (thoroughbred, standabred)
• Pleasure/ Riding horses ( Hanoverian, quarter horse)

Question 6

What dose the skin do?

Answer 6

• Defence against micro organisms
• protects against the environment
• sensory response
• nutrition (vitamin D production )
• pigmentation (uv protection)

Question 7

How dose the body regulate temperature?

Answer 7

Conduction (direct contact transfer, cooler, water etc.)
CONVECTION( heat passed on to cooler air & heated and passed on)
Radiation( heat moves from area of heat to cool) evap. After riding in winter)
SWEAT: moisture on skin surface uses heat for evaporation

Question 8

Is the outer layer of skin, cells are produced at the base and gradually move towards surface, fill with keritian protein. Will flatten and become hard and protective

Answer 8

Epidermis

Question 9

Layer beneath the first layer, made of collegen; contains sweat glands, blood vessels polo erector muscle which raises hair fibers, sebaceous glands that lubricate hair shaft

Answer 9

Dermis

Question 10

What happens to skin if blood temp rises?

Answer 10

Blood vessels near skin surface dialate.
Flattens hair shafts
Increase in sweating.

Question 11

What happens to skin if blood temperature falls

Answer 11

Shivering- increase muscle activity
Blood circulation-blood vessels at skin surface constrict, deep vessels expand
Hair- hair follicles with stand on end to make thicker coat
Metabolism- will consume more