Evolution review

Question 1

Steps of natural selection

Answer 1

1. Variation
2. Overproduction
3. Competition
4. Survival
5. Reproduction
6. Generations

Question 2

Sources of variation

Answer 2

Mutation and sexual reproduction

Question 3

Lamarck

Answer 3

Believed acquired traits were passed on

Question 4

Darwin

Answer 4

Believed survival of the fittest

Question 5

Agents of evolutionary change

Answer 5

1. Genetic drift
2. Gene flow
3. Mutation
4. Non-random mating
5. Selection

Question 6

2pq

Answer 6

Heterozygous genotype

Question 7

p^2

Answer 7

Homozygous dominant genotype

Question 8

q^2

Answer 8

Homozygous recessive genotype

Question 9

Founder effect

Answer 9

a small group splinters off and starts a new colony with a random new gene pool

Question 10

Bottleneck effect

Answer 10

a disaster reduces the population to a limited gene pool

Question 11

Fossil evidence for evolution

Answer 11

transitional fossils show evolution

Question 12

Artificial selection evidence for evolution

Answer 12

can select for a trait, can also occur naturally

Question 13

Homologous structures

Answer 13

morphological evidence, imply a common ancestor

Question 14

Analogous structures

Answer 14

morphological evidence, implies similar evolution

Question 15

Convergent evolution

Answer 15

two species are similar morphologically not because they are related but because the evolved in the same environment

Question 16

Vestigial structures

Answer 16

morphological evidence, structures that have disappeared or become useless over time

Question 17

Molecular (DNA) evidence for evolution

Answer 17

shows similarities in protein codes which indicates genetic similarities