AP Exam Review Flashcards
Dehydration synthesis
forming, synthesis, anabolic, endergonic
Hydrolysis
breaking, digestion, catabolic, exergonic
Carbohydrate bond
glycosidic linkages
Lipid bond
ester bonds
Unsaturated fats
double bond, liquid at room temp
Saturated fats
single carbon bonds, solid at room temp
Nucleic acid bond
phosphodiester bonds in backbone, hydrogen bonds in bases
Protein bond
peptide bond and disulfide bridges
Amino acid parts
carboxyl (COOH), amino group (NH2), central carbon, variable R group
Nucleic acid monomer parts
sugar, phosphate, and base
Primary protein structure
amino acid chain
Secondary protein structure
alpha helix (hydrogen bonds)
Tertiary protein structure
globular mass
Quaternary structure
more than one polypeptide folding
Simple diffusion
passive, from high to low concentration, small and uncharged ex. O2, CO2
Facilitated diffusion
passive, from high to low, large and polar molecules
Active transport
transports molecules from low to high, uses ATP
Water potential
water moves from high to low water potential
Hypertonic
high solute
Hypotonic
low solute