Evolution Etc

Question 1

Behavioural adaptations

Answer 1

Acting to increase chance of survival, eg. Mating dance

Question 2

Physiological adaptations

Answer 2

Processes inside the body increasing chance of survival, eg. Lowered rate of metabolism for hibernation

Question 3

Anatomical adaptations

Answer 3

Stuctural features of an organism increasing its chance of survival eg streamlined otters

Question 4

Key observations for evolution

Answer 4

Organisms produce more offspring than survive
There is variation between members of the same species
Some characteristics are passed to the next generation
Individuals who are best adapted are most likely to survive

Question 5

Process of evolution

Answer 5

Individuals show phenotype variation within a population
Selection pressure creates a struggle for survival
Individuals with better adaptations are more likely to survive and reproduce
Advantageous adaptations are passed onto offspring
Over time the proportion of the population with these adaptations increases
Evolution

Question 6

Fossil evidence for evolution

Answer 6

Preservation in rocks can arrange chronologically (carbon dating?) then view gradual changes

Question 7

DNA evidence for evolution

Answer 7

More divergent DNA (eg, more SNPs) = less closely related species

Question 8

Molecular evidence for evolution

Answer 8

Compare similarities of other molecules, eg. Amino acids (this was more frequently done before PCR became so widely available, eg. Molecules can be easier to extract.) (also this sort of evidence led to classification changes, eg. Presence of similar histones in archaea led to three domain system)