Evolution (easy)

Question 1

Explain why related subspecies were released to another incestual subpopulation [2]

Answer 1

1. interbreed&raquo_space; increase genetic diversity

2. Greater chance of survival if the environment changes

Question 2

Explain the placement of least related species on the phylogenetic tree [1]

Answer 2

Greatest no. of AA differences

Question 3

W.R.T. phylogenetic tree, state time of divergenc

Answer 3

use a ruler

Question 4

Explain why altered DNA sequence did not alter DNA sequence [2]

Answer 4

1. > 1 codon can code for the same AA

2. Due to degeneracy of genetic code

Question 5

Explain how the data supports the claim that some variation in mean milk yield is due to

1. Genetic causes
2. Environmental causes

Answer 5

1. Different breeds have different milk yields in the same environment
2. Same breed has different milk yields in different environments

Question 6

Planning: selective breeding (artificial selection) [5]

Answer 6

1. Breed X with Y
2. Select offspring with desired characteristics
3. Breed offspring
4. Repeat selection and breeding
5. Avoid inbreeding by outcrossing

Question 7

Explain the advantages of the binomial naming system [2]

Answer 7

1. Universal name to avoid ambiguity

2. Can be organised into taxons according to shared characteristics

Question 8

Apart from mutation, suggest how ABR bacteria may have originated in Finland [1]

Answer 8

Brought in from a foreign source
» conjugation (transfer of plasmid)
» transformation (uptake of foreign DNA)