Evolution by Natural Selection Flashcards

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1
Q

Allopatric Speciation

A

Speciation due to a geographical barrier

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2
Q

Analogous

A

Structures that are different / do not have a common origin

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3
Q

Artificial Selection

A

The production of offspring that have characteristics that are suitable to humans

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4
Q

Biodiversity

A

The range of life forms that exist on Earth

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5
Q

Biogeography

A

Similarities and differences in organisms due to their location on the earth planet

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6
Q

Continuous Variation

A

A range of different phenotypes exist for a particular characteristic

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7
Q

Discontinuous Variation

A

There is no range of different phenotypes for a characteristics; it is usually present or absent

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8
Q

Extinction

A

Elimination of a species from the earth

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9
Q

Fossil

A

Remains of organisms that have existed in the past

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10
Q

Geographical Isolation

A

The separation of a population into two by a geographical barrier such as a river, a lake or a mountain

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11
Q

Geographical Barrier

A

A feature of the land such as a river, a lake or a mountain which may separate a population into two

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12
Q

Hypothesis

A

A testable statement that can be accepted or rejected

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13
Q

Natural Selection

A

Organisms survive if they have characteristics that make them suited to teh environment

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14
Q

Paleontology

A

The study of fossils

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15
Q

Population

A

Group of organisms of the same species occupying the same habitat

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16
Q

Punctuated Equlibrium

A

Evolution characterised by long periods of little or no change followed by short periods of rapid change

17
Q

Radiometric Dating

A

Process used to determine the age of a fossil by measuring the decay of radioactive substances such as carbon

18
Q

Relative Dating

A

Process used to determine the order in which organisms appear on earth

19
Q

Speciation

A

The formation of a new species over a period of time

20
Q

Species

A

Similar organisms capable of random interbreeding to produce fertile offspring

21
Q

Theory

A

Based on a number of different hypothesis, explanation, principles, and laws