Evolution as an Explanation of Aggression Flashcards
Define evolution
The gradual change of a species over several generations
How does evolution occur?
Via natural selection - an advantageous mutation occurs and is passed down to offspring whilst others without the mutation die out, resulting in all descendants eventually having the mutation
What is aggression useful for?
- To gain mates
- To gain status and warn off rivals
- Competition for resources
Define genetic drift
Only 50% of DNA is passed on rather than 100%
What is kin selection?
When animals protect those related to them to ensure their genetics are passed down, despite being in competition with one another
What is group selection?
Forming groups in order to ensure survival
How do women express aggression?
In verbal methods as physical conflict would often threaten the survival of offspring
Why can evolution be disadvantageous?
Because we now have characteristics we no longer need (e.g. a spleen)
What is the main cause of male aggression?
Competition for mates
Give 2 pieces of supporting evidence for evolution as an explanation of aggression
Dobash and Dobash - Male on female aggression was because the men were jealous of another man
Daly and Wilson - Found murder rates in Detroit were because criminals wanted to appear stronger in front of gangs
Give 3 pieces of conflciting evidencce for evolution as an explanation of aggression
Daly and Wilson only focuses on murderers in Detroit
Deterministic - suggests we can’t control our own behaviour
Is evolution as an explanation of aggression useful?
Can explain why men are more aggressive than women
Can link to brain structure - brain has evolved
Is evolution as an explanation of aggression testable?
Can’t directly measure the behaviour of ancestors
Reductionist - ignores environmental factors such as upbrining
