Evolution Flashcards
Steno
layers of rock arranged in a time sequence; fossils are mineralized remains of living organisms
Lyell
published principles of geology; expanded hutton’s ideas: geological processes work at a constant slow rate but overtime produce considerable change
Wallace
came to similar conclusions as darwin
Malthus
wrote about growth of human population, food supply not growing. starvation, disease, war control growth. far more offspring are born than can survive, this there is competition within a species
Lamarck
thought that acquired traits were passed down
Darwin
linked all prevailing knowledge of palaeontology, geology, geography, biology with own observations. offered mechanism of change (natural selection)
why is variation within a population important
natural selection acts on variations within a population. with no variations, species would decrease
What causes microevolution
mutations, small population, movement in/out of gene pool, non-random mating, natural selection
what are homologous structures
structures which share a common origin but serve different functions
what are analogous structures
different structures, same function
distinguishing features of Galapagos finches?
beak types
what is adaptive radiation
diversification of a group of organisms into forms filling different ecological niches(roles)
how does amino acid sequencing of proteins provide info about DNA of species
DNA is converted to amino acid sequence; 3 bases in DNA code for 1 amino acid; if amino acid sequences are similar, DNA is similar
how have antibiotic resistant bacteria evolved
bacteria within a population vary in ability to resist antibiotics, only resistant survive to reproduce
how do antibiotic resistant bacteria evolve so quickly
reproduce every 20 mins; reproduce asexually; antibiotics overused; can acquire genes via conjugation, transformation and transduction
