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Biology Exam > Diversity of Living Things > Flashcards

Diversity of Living Things Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

list the 6 kingdoms

A

Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Bacteria, Archae

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2
Q

List the 7 taxa

A

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

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3
Q

what is the binomial nomenclature for humans?

A

homo sapien

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4
Q

what is phylogeny?

A

study of evolutionary relationships

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5
Q

describe the general structure of a bacterium

A

Cell wall, Capsule, Nucleoid, Plasmid

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6
Q

what does diplo mean?

A

pairs

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7
Q

what does staphylo mean?

A

clusters

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8
Q

what does strepto mean?

A

chains

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9
Q

what does cocci mean?

A

spherical

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10
Q

what does spirilla mean?

A

spiral shaped

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11
Q

what does bacilli mean?

A

rod shaped

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12
Q

what is conjugation?

A

-donor bacterium extends bridge to recipient bacterium; DNA is passed from donor to recipient

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13
Q

what is transformation?

A

dead cell releases DNA, which is picked up by another bacterium

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14
Q

what is transduction?

A

DNA transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus; virus picks up DNA from host, infects new host

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15
Q

how do bacteria reproduce asexually?

A

binary fission

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16
Q

how do bacteria exchange genetic info?

A

transformation, transduction, conjugation

17
Q

what are obligate anaerobes?

A

do not require oxygen for respiration

18
Q

what are facultative anaerobes?

A

prefer environments with oxygen but can live without oxygen

19
Q

what are obligate aerobes?

A

require oxygen for respiration

20
Q

what are the three types of archaebacteria?

A

thermophiles, methanogens, hapophiles

21
Q

what is an endospore?

A

dormant cell with the genetic material surrounded by a thick cell wall

22
Q

general structure of a virus?

A

Capsid, Genetic Material, Tail Fibre

23
Q

why are viruses not considered living?

A

unable to perform life functions in isolation

24
Q

describe lytic cycle

A

-takes over host DNA, releases new viruses after one generation of host activity, immediate symptoms, virulent phage

25
Q

describe lysogenic cycle

A

viral DNA joins host DNA, releases new viruses after several generations, delayed symptoms, temperate phage

26
Q

what are bacteriophage?

A

category of viruses that infect and destroy bacteria cells

27
Q

what is a host range

A

limited number of host species, tissues or cells that a virus can infect

Biology Exam (5 decks)

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