Diversity of Living Things Flashcards
list the 6 kingdoms
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Bacteria, Archae
List the 7 taxa
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
what is the binomial nomenclature for humans?
homo sapien
what is phylogeny?
study of evolutionary relationships
describe the general structure of a bacterium
Cell wall, Capsule, Nucleoid, Plasmid
what does diplo mean?
pairs
what does staphylo mean?
clusters
what does strepto mean?
chains
what does cocci mean?
spherical
what does spirilla mean?
spiral shaped
what does bacilli mean?
rod shaped
what is conjugation?
-donor bacterium extends bridge to recipient bacterium; DNA is passed from donor to recipient
what is transformation?
dead cell releases DNA, which is picked up by another bacterium
what is transduction?
DNA transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus; virus picks up DNA from host, infects new host
how do bacteria reproduce asexually?
binary fission
how do bacteria exchange genetic info?
transformation, transduction, conjugation
what are obligate anaerobes?
do not require oxygen for respiration
what are facultative anaerobes?
prefer environments with oxygen but can live without oxygen
what are obligate aerobes?
require oxygen for respiration
what are the three types of archaebacteria?
thermophiles, methanogens, hapophiles
what is an endospore?
dormant cell with the genetic material surrounded by a thick cell wall
general structure of a virus?
Capsid, Genetic Material, Tail Fibre
why are viruses not considered living?
unable to perform life functions in isolation
describe lytic cycle
-takes over host DNA, releases new viruses after one generation of host activity, immediate symptoms, virulent phage
